# Rare earths — who supplies the world

World rare earths mine production: 390 kt in the 2025 USGS estimate. China leads with 69%; the top three hold 90%. Every producer's sourced share.

Canonical: https://terralore.co/commodities/rare-earths
Updated: 2026-08-14 (USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries edition)

What is measured: the MCS statistics row "Mine production" — mine production in tonnes, what left mines in each calendar year. Not reserves in the ground, and not refined or smelted output. 2025 is the USGS estimate; 2024 is the reported figure.

World total: 390 kt (2025 est.) · 380 kt (2024).
Shares are computed against the published world total itself, never against the sum of listed producers.

## Producers (12 listed)

| Rank | Nation | 2024 | 2025 est. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 270 kt · 71% | 270 kt · 69% |
| 2 | United States | 45.5 kt · 12% | 51.0 kt · 13% |
| 3 | Australia | 29.0 kt · 7.6% | 29.0 kt · 7.4% |
| 4 | Myanmar | 27.0 kt · 7.1% | 22.0 kt · 5.6% |
| 5 | Thailand | 2,100 t · 0.55% | 4,800 t · 1.2% |
| 6 | India | 2,900 t · 0.76% | 2,900 t · 0.74% |
| 7 | Madagascar | 1,400 t · 0.37% | 2,700 t · 0.69% |
| 8 | Russia | 2,600 t · 0.68% | 2,600 t · 0.67% |
| 9 | Brazil | 560 t · 0.15% | 2,000 t · 0.51% |
| 10 | Nigeria | 1,500 t · 0.39% | 1,500 t · 0.38% |
| 11 | Vietnam | 300 t · 0.08% | 150 t · 0.04% |
| 12 | Malaysia | 140 t · 0.04% | 110 t · 0.03% |
| — | Rest of world | below the table's rounding | 1,240 t · 0.32% |

Rest of world is the published world total minus the producers listed: the MCS "Other countries" aggregate, withheld figures, and production this atlas does not file under a separate entity. It is real, published tonnage not attributable to a single nation here.

Machine-readable claims — every share and tonnage above as an addressable claim ID with its derivation and a ready citation string: https://terralore.co/commodities/rare-earths.claims.json

## Sources

- Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — U.S. Geological Survey · Public domain (U.S. Government work) · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center

Citation template: Terralore, "Rare earths — who supplies the world", terralore.co/commodities/rare-earths, retrieved <YYYY-MM-DD>.