# Austria and Germany compared Austria and Germany side by side: 42 shared sourced indicators across 9 domains, and the 6 events their chronicles record of each other. Canonical: https://terralore.co/compare/aut-vs-deu Updated: 2026-08-10 (latest of the two dossiers' refreshes and the two chronicles' verification dates) Two sourced records set beside each other — nothing on this page was written for the pair. Every figure is the same observation, with the same source, as on the two national dossiers; every event is the same record, with the same sources, as on its own chronicle. Figures are compared, never graded. A "—" is an absence in the source data, never a zero; each value shows its own observation year — vintages differ by indicator and nation. ## Formation - Austria: 996 — The name Ostarrîchi first appears - Germany: 18 January 1871 — The German Empire is proclaimed ## Economy | Metric | Austria | Observed | Germany | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | GDP | $535 B | 2024 | $4.69 T | 2024 | | GDP per capita | $58,269 | 2024 | $56,104 | 2024 | | GDP growth | -0.7% | 2024 | -0.5% | 2024 | | Inflation | 2.9% | 2024 | 2.3% | 2024 | | Trade openness | 108.8% | 2024 | 79.1% | 2024 | ## Society | Metric | Austria | Observed | Germany | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Population | 9.2 m | 2024 | 84 m | 2024 | | Life expectancy | 82.0 yrs | 2024 | 80.8 yrs | 2024 | | Urban population | 69.5% | 2024 | 82.0% | 2024 | | Fertility rate | 1.3 | 2024 | 1.4 | 2024 | ## Governance | Metric | Austria | Observed | Germany | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Voice & accountability | 81.4 | 2024 | 84.8 | 2024 | | Political stability | 74.3 | 2024 | 68.0 | 2024 | | Government effectiveness | 80.8 | 2024 | 81.4 | 2024 | | Regulatory quality | 76.2 | 2024 | 78.5 | 2024 | | Rule of law | 85.8 | 2024 | 84.9 | 2024 | | Control of corruption | 74.1 | 2024 | 83.8 | 2024 | ## Health | Metric | Austria | Observed | Germany | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Health spending | 11.8% | 2024 | 12.3% | 2024 | | Physicians | 5.51 | 2023 | 4.53 | 2022 | | Under-5 mortality | 3.3 | 2024 | 3.7 | 2024 | | Measles immunisation | 90.0% | 2024 | 96.0% | 2024 | | Safe drinking water | 98.9% | 2024 | 99.9% | 2024 | ## Education | Metric | Austria | Observed | Germany | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Education spending | 5.3% | 2022 | 5.2% | 2022 | | Primary enrolment | 101.3% | 2024 | 102.6% | 2024 | | Secondary enrolment | 100.6% | 2024 | 100.2% | 2024 | | Tertiary enrolment | 92.6% | 2024 | 76.7% | 2024 | ## Technology | Metric | Austria | Observed | Germany | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | R&D spending | 3.3% | 2023 | 3.2% | 2023 | | Researchers (per million) | 6,634 | 2023 | 5,926 | 2023 | | Internet users | 91.9% | 2025 | 93.5% | 2024 | | Mobile subscriptions | 124 | 2024 | 129 | 2024 | | High-tech exports | 18.5% | 2024 | 18.0% | 2024 | ## Geography | Metric | Austria | Observed | Germany | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Land area | 82,520 km² | 2023 | 349,430 km² | 2023 | | Forest area | 47.2% | 2023 | 32.7% | 2023 | | Agricultural land | 31.5% | 2023 | 47.5% | 2023 | | CO₂ per capita (t) | 6.3 | 2024 | 6.9 | 2024 | | Renewable energy | 36.0% | 2021 | 17.6% | 2021 | ## Resources | Metric | Austria | Observed | Germany | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Resource rents | 0.1% | 2021 | 0.1% | 2021 | | Oil rents | 0.0% | 2021 | 0.0% | 2021 | | Mineral rents | 0.0% | 2021 | 0.0% | 2021 | | Forest rents | 0.1% | 2021 | 0.0% | 2021 | | Electricity access | 100.0% | 2023 | 100.0% | 2023 | ## Military | Metric | Austria | Observed | Germany | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Military burden | 1.0% | 2024 | 1.9% | 2024 | | Defense spending | $5.3 B | 2024 | $88 B | 2024 | | Armed forces | 23,000 | 2020 | 183,000 | 2020 | Each metric is also ranked across all nations: https://terralore.co/rankings (markdown twins at /rankings/.md). Full dossiers: https://terralore.co/country/AUT.md and https://terralore.co/country/DEU.md. ## Entangled histories (6 events) Events in which either nation's sourced chronicle names the other — including under earlier names of the same state. Each is the record exactly as its own chronicle carries it, with that chronicle's sources. - 1815: **Congress of Vienna and the German Confederation** — After Napoleon's defeat, the Congress of Vienna created a loose confederation of German states dominated by Austria and Prussia, leaving national unity unfulfilled. (from the Germany chronicle; sources: Germany) - 12 Nov 1918: **Collapse of Austria-Hungary and the First Republic** — As the war was lost the empire disintegrated; Emperor Karl I renounced participation in government on 11 November and the Republic of German-Austria was proclaimed on 12 November 1918, ending Habsburg rule. (from the Austria chronicle; sources: The End of Monarchy, the Birth of New States) - 1919: **South Tyrol ceded to Italy** — Under Saint-Germain the German-speaking southern part of historic Tyrol was awarded to Italy, placing a large German-speaking population under Italian rule and creating a lasting territorial grievance. (from the Austria chronicle; sources: 1919: Treaty of Saint-Germain; De Gasperi-Gruber Agreement and the First Statute of Autonomy) - 10 Sep 1919: **Treaty of Saint-Germain** — Signed for Austria by Karl Renner, the treaty confirmed the breakup of Austria-Hungary, forbade union with Germany without League of Nations approval, limited Austria's army and ceded South Tyrol to Italy. (from the Austria chronicle; sources: 1919: Treaty of Saint-Germain) - 12–13 Mar 1938: **The Anschluss** — German troops entered Austria on 12 March 1938 and on 13 March a law proclaimed reunification with the Reich; Austrian independence ended and a manipulated April plebiscite recorded near-total approval. (from the Austria chronicle; sources: German Annexation of Austria) - 5 Sep 1946: **Gruber-De Gasperi Agreement on South Tyrol** — Austrian foreign minister Karl Gruber and Italian premier Alcide De Gasperi signed an accord committing Italy to grant autonomy and language and education rights to South Tyrol's German-speaking population. (from the Austria chronicle; sources: De Gasperi-Gruber Agreement and the First Statute of Autonomy) ## Sources - World Development Indicators — World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-06-14 · https://data.worldbank.org - Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) — Worldwide Governance Indicators / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-10 · https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/worldwide-governance-indicators - Global Health Observatory (WHO, via World Bank WDI) — WHO / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-10 · https://www.who.int/data/gho - Child mortality & immunisation estimates (UN IGME and WHO/UNICEF, via World Bank WDI) — UNICEF and WHO / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-10 · https://childmortality.org - R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) — UNESCO Institute for Statistics / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-06-15 · https://uis.unesco.org - ICT indicators (ITU, via World Bank WDI) — ITU / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-06-15 · https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics - Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) — SIPRI / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-06-14 · https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex Chronicle references are cited inline above and resolve in full at https://terralore.co/country/AUT/chronicle.md and https://terralore.co/country/DEU/chronicle.md. Citation template: Terralore, "Austria and Germany compared", terralore.co/compare/aut-vs-deu, retrieved .