# India and Mexico compared India and Mexico side by side: 47 shared sourced indicators across 9 domains, their chronicles record no events of each other. Canonical: https://terralore.co/compare/ind-vs-mex Updated: 2026-08-10 (latest of the two dossiers' refreshes and the two chronicles' verification dates) Two sourced records set beside each other — nothing on this page was written for the pair. Every figure is the same observation, with the same source, as on the two national dossiers; every event is the same record, with the same sources, as on its own chronicle. Figures are compared, never graded. A "—" is an absence in the source data, never a zero; each value shows its own observation year — vintages differ by indicator and nation. ## Formation - India: c. 320 BCE — Chandragupta Maurya founds the Maurya Empire - Mexico: 27 September 1821 — The Treaty of Córdoba ends Spanish rule and the Mexican Empire is declared ## Economy | Metric | India | Observed | Mexico | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | GDP | $3.91 T | 2024 | $1.86 T | 2024 | | GDP per capita | $2,695 | 2024 | $14,186 | 2024 | | GDP growth | 6.5% | 2024 | 1.4% | 2024 | | Inflation | 5.0% | 2024 | 4.7% | 2024 | | Trade openness | 44.6% | 2024 | 74.6% | 2024 | ## Society | Metric | India | Observed | Mexico | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Population | 1.45 bn | 2024 | 131 m | 2024 | | Life expectancy | 72.2 yrs | 2024 | 75.3 yrs | 2024 | | Urban population | 35.4% | 2024 | 79.8% | 2024 | | Fertility rate | 2.0 | 2024 | 1.9 | 2024 | ## Governance | Metric | India | Observed | Mexico | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Voice & accountability | 55.5 | 2024 | 50.9 | 2024 | | Political stability | 52.5 | 2024 | 53.7 | 2024 | | Government effectiveness | 59.2 | 2024 | 47.1 | 2024 | | Regulatory quality | 53.3 | 2024 | 51.8 | 2024 | | Rule of law | 56.3 | 2024 | 37.1 | 2024 | | Control of corruption | 41.9 | 2024 | 28.8 | 2024 | ## Health | Metric | India | Observed | Mexico | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Health spending | 3.3% | 2023 | 5.5% | 2023 | | Physicians | 0.72 | 2020 | 2.59 | 2022 | | Under-5 mortality | 26.6 | 2024 | 13.1 | 2024 | | Measles immunisation | 97.0% | 2024 | 80.0% | 2024 | | Safe drinking water | 76.4% | 2024 | 43.0% | 2024 | ## Education | Metric | India | Observed | Mexico | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Adult literacy | 78.2% | 2024 | 95.6% | 2024 | | Education spending | 4.1% | 2022 | 4.1% | 2022 | | Primary enrolment | 111.0% | 2025 | 102.3% | 2024 | | Secondary enrolment | 79.6% | 2025 | 103.1% | 2024 | | Tertiary enrolment | 34.4% | 2025 | 48.2% | 2024 | ## Technology | Metric | India | Observed | Mexico | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | R&D spending | 0.6% | 2020 | 0.3% | 2024 | | Researchers (per million) | 259 | 2020 | 438 | 2024 | | Internet users | 70.0% | 2025 | 83.1% | 2024 | | Mobile subscriptions | 79 | 2024 | 116 | 2024 | | High-tech exports | 18.6% | 2024 | 19.3% | 2024 | ## Geography | Metric | India | Observed | Mexico | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Land area | 2,973,190 km² | 2023 | 1,943,950 km² | 2023 | | Forest area | 24.5% | 2023 | 33.6% | 2023 | | Agricultural land | 60.1% | 2023 | 50.7% | 2023 | | CO₂ per capita (t) | 2.2 | 2024 | 3.6 | 2024 | | Renewable energy | 34.9% | 2021 | 13.0% | 2021 | ## Resources | Metric | India | Observed | Mexico | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Resource rents | 3.2% | 2021 | 3.6% | 2021 | | Oil rents | 0.3% | 2021 | 2.1% | 2021 | | Mineral rents | 1.3% | 2021 | 1.4% | 2021 | | Forest rents | 0.2% | 2021 | 0.1% | 2021 | | Electricity access | 99.5% | 2023 | 99.7% | 2023 | | Copper (mined) | 23.0 kt | 2025 | 690 kt | 2025 | | Iron ore | 310 Mt | 2025 | 7.7 Mt | 2025 | | Rare earths | 2,900 t | 2025 | — | — | | Bauxite | 25 Mt | 2025 | — | — | | Zinc (mined) | 870 kt | 2025 | 780 kt | 2025 | | Phosphate rock | 1.5 Mt | 2025 | 450 kt | 2025 | | Gold (mined) | — | — | 140 t | 2025 | ## Military | Metric | India | Observed | Mexico | Observed | |---|---|---|---|---| | Military burden | 2.3% | 2024 | 0.9% | 2024 | | Defense spending | $86 B | 2024 | $17 B | 2024 | | Armed forces | 3.1 m | 2020 | 341,000 | 2020 | Each metric is also ranked across all nations: https://terralore.co/rankings (markdown twins at /rankings/.md). Full dossiers: https://terralore.co/country/IND.md and https://terralore.co/country/MEX.md. ## Entangled histories (0 events) Neither nation's sourced chronicle names the other — across both archives, no recorded event crosses between them. That is a fact about the two records as they stand, not a gap filled here. ## Sources - World Development Indicators — World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-06-14 · https://data.worldbank.org - Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) — Worldwide Governance Indicators / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-10 · https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/worldwide-governance-indicators - Global Health Observatory (WHO, via World Bank WDI) — WHO / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-10 · https://www.who.int/data/gho - Child mortality & immunisation estimates (UN IGME and WHO/UNICEF, via World Bank WDI) — UNICEF and WHO / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-10 · https://childmortality.org - R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) — UNESCO Institute for Statistics / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-06-15 · https://uis.unesco.org - ICT indicators (ITU, via World Bank WDI) — ITU / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-06-15 · https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics - Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — U.S. Geological Survey · Public domain (U.S. Government work) · accessed 2026-08-10 · https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center - Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) — SIPRI / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-06-14 · https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex Chronicle references are cited inline above and resolve in full at https://terralore.co/country/IND/chronicle.md and https://terralore.co/country/MEX/chronicle.md. Citation template: Terralore, "India and Mexico compared", terralore.co/compare/ind-vs-mex, retrieved .