← THE SECTION CUT · OCEANIA

Australia

27.0S 133.0E · 21 EVENTS · 9 DOMAINS
FEDERATION — THE COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA · 1 JANUARY 1901
▼ PULL DOWN TO EXTRACT THE CORE
1972 – present · Modern Australia: multiculturalism, reconciliation, and the apology
4 EVENTS
3 June 1992 · Mabo decision overturns terra nullius 2 REFS
13 February 2008 · National Apology to the Stolen Generations 2 REFS
1914 – 1972 · The world wars, immigration, and the twentieth century
5 EVENTS
c. 1910–1970s · The Stolen Generations 2 REFS
25 April 1915 · Gallipoli landing and the Anzac legend 2 REFS
1880s – 1914 · Federation and the new nation
3 EVENTS
1 January 1901 · Federation creates the Commonwealth of Australia 3 REFS
1901 · Immigration Restriction Act and 'White Australia' 2 REFS
1820 – 1900 · Colonial expansion, gold rushes, and frontier conflict
3 EVENTS
1820s–1900s · The frontier wars 2 REFS
1851 · Gold rushes begin 2 REFS
1770 – 1820 · European contact and the First Fleet
3 EVENTS
22 August 1770 · Cook charts and claims the east coast 2 REFS
26 January 1788 · The First Fleet founds the penal colony 2 REFS
c. 65,000 BCE – 1770 CE · Aboriginal Australia: the world's oldest continuous cultures
3 EVENTS
c. 65,000+ years ago · Aboriginal peoples settle the continent 2 REFS
before European contact · Hundreds of nations and languages 2 REFS
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EVERY ERA, EVENT AND REFERENCE ON ONE PAGE
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Quick facts · atlas reference
Capital
Canberra
Population
23 m
Area
7,692,024 km²
Region
Australia and New Zealand
Languages
English
Currency
Australian dollar ($)
Demonym
Australian
UN member
Yes
Dossier · press a specimen — it turns over

Economy

GDP
$1.80 T’25 WB-WDI
GDP per capita
$65,130’25 WB-WDI
GDP growth
1.4%’25 WB-WDI
Inflation
2.9%’25 WB-WDI
Trade openness
45.9%’25 WB-WDI

Society

Population
28 m’25 WB-WDI
Life expectancy
83.1 yrs’24 WB-WDI
Urban population
87.7%’25 WB-WDI
Fertility rate
1.5’24 WB-WDI

Governance

Voice & accountability
83.3’24 WB-WGI
Political stability
79.4’24 WB-WGI
Government effectiveness
86.5’24 WB-WGI
Regulatory quality
82.0’24 WB-WGI
Rule of law
82.3’24 WB-WGI
Control of corruption
85.3’24 WB-WGI

Health

Health spending
10.4%’23 WB-WHO
Physicians
4.09’22 WB-WHO
Under-5 mortality
3.6’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Measles immunisation
91.0%’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO

Education

Education spending
5.1%’22 WB-UNESCO
Primary enrolment
99.6%’24 WB-UNESCO
Secondary enrolment
131.9%’24 WB-UNESCO
Tertiary enrolment
108.4%’24 WB-UNESCO

Technology

R&D spending
1.9%’21 WB-UNESCO
Researchers (per million)
4,569’10 WB-UNESCO
Internet users
96.1%’24 WB-ITU
Mobile subscriptions
113’24 WB-ITU
High-tech exports
25.2%’24 WB-WDI

Geography

Land area
7,692,020 km²’23 WB-WDI
Forest area
17.4%’23 WB-WDI
Agricultural land
47.2%’23 WB-WDI
CO₂ per capita (t)
14.1’24 WB-WDI
Renewable energy
12.3%’21 WB-WDI

Resources

Resource rents
13.4%’21 WB-WDI
Oil rents
0.3%’21 WB-WDI
Mineral rents
10.5%’21 WB-WDI
Forest rents
0.1%’21 WB-WDI
Electricity access
100.0%’24 WB-WDI
Copper (mined)
730 kt’25 USGS-MCS
Iron ore
980 Mt’25 USGS-MCS
Gold (mined)
280 t’25 USGS-MCS
Lithium (mined)
92.0 kt’25 USGS-MCS
Cobalt (mined)
3,700 t’25 USGS-MCS
Nickel (mined)
45.0 kt’25 USGS-MCS
Rare earths
29.0 kt’25 USGS-MCS
Bauxite
97 Mt’25 USGS-MCS
Zinc (mined)
1.1 Mt’25 USGS-MCS
Phosphate rock
2.5 Mt’25 USGS-MCS

Military

Military burden
1.9%’24 WB-SIPRI
Defense spending
$34 B’24 WB-SIPRI
Armed forces
60,000’20 WB-SIPRI

A hatched gap has no underside — there is nothing to turn over. Absence is stated, never zeroed.

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