# Brazil — national dossier Brazil — economy, society, governance, health, education, technology, geography, resources and military in one sourced dossier: 51 indicators, each with… Canonical: https://terralore.co/country/BRA Updated: 2026-08-14 (latest domain refresh; each figure carries its own observation year) ## Overview - Official name: Federative Republic of Brazil - Capital: Brasília - Region: South America, South America - Population: 207 m - Area: 8,515,767 km² - Languages: Portuguese - Currency: Brazilian real (BRL) A "—" is an absence in the source data, never a zero. Each figure shows the year it was observed — vintages differ by indicator and nation. ## Economy | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | GDP | $2.28 T | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | GDP per capita | $10,713 | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | GDP growth | 2.3% | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | Inflation | 5.0% | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | Trade openness | 35.3% | 2025 | World Development Indicators | ## Society | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Population | 213 m | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | Life expectancy | 76.0 yrs | 2024 | World Development Indicators | | Urban population | 88.2% | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | Fertility rate | 1.6 | 2024 | World Development Indicators | | Literacy rate | 94.7% | 2024 | World Development Indicators | ## Governance | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Voice & accountability | 62.4 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Political stability | 57.0 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Government effectiveness | 47.0 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Regulatory quality | 50.2 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Rule of law | 49.3 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Control of corruption | 39.6 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | ## Health | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Health spending | 9.7% | 2023 | Global Health Observatory (WHO, via World Bank WDI) | | Physicians | 2.36 | 2023 | Global Health Observatory (WHO, via World Bank WDI) | | Under-5 mortality | 14.2 | 2024 | Child mortality & immunisation estimates (UN IGME and WHO/UNICEF, via World Bank WDI) | | Measles immunisation | 93.0% | 2024 | Child mortality & immunisation estimates (UN IGME and WHO/UNICEF, via World Bank WDI) | | Safe drinking water | 88.6% | 2024 | Global Health Observatory (WHO, via World Bank WDI) | ## Education | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Adult literacy | 94.7% | 2024 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Education spending | 5.6% | 2022 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Primary enrolment | 104.3% | 2024 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Secondary enrolment | 104.1% | 2024 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Tertiary enrolment | 69.7% | 2024 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | ## Technology | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | R&D spending | 1.2% | 2023 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Researchers (per million) | 903 | 2014 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Internet users | 84.5% | 2024 | ICT indicators (ITU, via World Bank WDI) | | Mobile subscriptions | 102 | 2024 | ICT indicators (ITU, via World Bank WDI) | | High-tech exports | 11.1% | 2024 | World Development Indicators | ## Geography | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Land area | 8,358,140 km² | 2023 | World Development Indicators | | Forest area | 59.0% | 2023 | World Development Indicators | | Agricultural land | 28.3% | 2023 | World Development Indicators | | CO₂ per capita (t) | 2.3 | 2024 | World Development Indicators | | Renewable energy | 46.5% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | ## Resources | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Resource rents | 7.9% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | | Oil rents | 2.6% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | | Mineral rents | 4.5% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | | Forest rents | 0.8% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | | Electricity access | 99.8% | 2024 | World Development Indicators | | Iron ore | 420 Mt | 2025 | Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 | | Gold (mined) | 80 t | 2025 | Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 | | Lithium (mined) | 12.0 kt | 2025 | Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 | | Nickel (mined) | 70.0 kt | 2025 | Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 | | Rare earths | 2,000 t | 2025 | Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 | | Bauxite | 33 Mt | 2025 | Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 | | Phosphate rock | 5.0 Mt | 2025 | Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 | ## Military | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Military burden | 1.0% | 2024 | Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) | | Defense spending | $21 B | 2024 | Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) | | Armed forces | 762,000 | 2020 | Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) | Every metric above is also ranked across all nations: https://terralore.co/rankings (markdown twins at /rankings/.md). Machine-readable claims — every figure above as an addressable claim ID (TL:BRA::) with value, source, license and a ready citation string: https://terralore.co/country/BRA.claims.json History: "From the thousand nations of the forest and coast to a Portuguese colony built on sugar, gold, and the largest slave economy of the Americas, and on to an empire, a republic, and a modern democracy." — the sourced chronicle is at https://terralore.co/country/BRA/chronicle.md (6 eras, 31 events). ## Sources - World Development Indicators — World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://data.worldbank.org - Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) — Worldwide Governance Indicators / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/worldwide-governance-indicators - Global Health Observatory (WHO, via World Bank WDI) — WHO / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.who.int/data/gho - Child mortality & immunisation estimates (UN IGME and WHO/UNICEF, via World Bank WDI) — UNICEF and WHO / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://childmortality.org - R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) — UNESCO Institute for Statistics / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://uis.unesco.org - ICT indicators (ITU, via World Bank WDI) — ITU / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics - Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — U.S. Geological Survey · Public domain (U.S. Government work) · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center - Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) — SIPRI / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex Citation template: Terralore, "Brazil — national dossier", terralore.co/country/BRA, retrieved .