# Brunei — national dossier Brunei — economy, society, governance, health, education, technology, geography, resources and military in one sourced dossier: 43 indicators, each with… Canonical: https://terralore.co/country/BRN Updated: 2026-08-14 (latest domain refresh; each figure carries its own observation year) ## Overview - Official name: Nation of Brunei, Abode of Peace - Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan - Region: South-Eastern Asia, Asia - Population: 444,000 - Area: 5,765 km² - Languages: Malay - Currency: Brunei dollar (BND), Singapore dollar (SGD) A "—" is an absence in the source data, never a zero. Each figure shows the year it was observed — vintages differ by indicator and nation. ## Economy | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | GDP | $15 B | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | GDP per capita | $32,235 | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | GDP growth | 0.7% | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | Inflation | -0.3% | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | Trade openness | 123.6% | 2025 | World Development Indicators | ## Society | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Population | 466,000 | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | Life expectancy | 75.5 yrs | 2024 | World Development Indicators | | Urban population | 75.0% | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | Fertility rate | 1.7 | 2024 | World Development Indicators | | Literacy rate | 96.1% | 2011 | World Development Indicators | ## Governance | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Voice & accountability | 42.8 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Political stability | 86.4 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Government effectiveness | 67.6 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Regulatory quality | 68.9 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Rule of law | 67.1 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Control of corruption | 71.9 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | ## Health | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Health spending | 2.2% | 2023 | Global Health Observatory (WHO, via World Bank WDI) | | Physicians | 1.89 | 2021 | Global Health Observatory (WHO, via World Bank WDI) | | Under-5 mortality | 9.9 | 2024 | Child mortality & immunisation estimates (UN IGME and WHO/UNICEF, via World Bank WDI) | | Measles immunisation | 99.0% | 2024 | Child mortality & immunisation estimates (UN IGME and WHO/UNICEF, via World Bank WDI) | ## Education | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Adult literacy | 96.1% | 2011 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Education spending | 4.4% | 2016 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Primary enrolment | 94.8% | 2024 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Secondary enrolment | 91.8% | 2023 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Tertiary enrolment | 36.4% | 2023 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | ## Technology | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | R&D spending | 0.3% | 2018 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Researchers (per million) | 506 | 2022 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Internet users | 96.3% | 2024 | ICT indicators (ITU, via World Bank WDI) | | Mobile subscriptions | 118 | 2024 | ICT indicators (ITU, via World Bank WDI) | | High-tech exports | 1.1% | 2024 | World Development Indicators | ## Geography | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Land area | 5,270 km² | 2023 | World Development Indicators | | Forest area | 72.1% | 2023 | World Development Indicators | | Agricultural land | 2.5% | 2023 | World Development Indicators | | CO₂ per capita (t) | 20.2 | 2024 | World Development Indicators | | Renewable energy | 0.0% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | ## Resources | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Resource rents | 24.3% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | | Oil rents | 10.4% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | | Mineral rents | 0.0% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | | Forest rents | 0.0% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | | Electricity access | 100.0% | 2024 | World Development Indicators | ## Military | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Military burden | 3.6% | 2024 | Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) | | Defense spending | $559 M | 2024 | Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) | | Armed forces | 8,000 | 2020 | Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) | Every metric above is also ranked across all nations: https://terralore.co/rankings (markdown twins at /rankings/.md). Machine-readable claims — every figure above as an addressable claim ID (TL:BRN::) with value, source, license and a ready citation string: https://terralore.co/country/BRN.claims.json History: "From a maritime empire that once ruled all of Borneo to an oil-rich sultanate, the abode of peace under the world's longest-reigning monarch." — the sourced chronicle is at https://terralore.co/country/BRN/chronicle.md (6 eras, 22 events). ## Sources - World Development Indicators — World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://data.worldbank.org - Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) — Worldwide Governance Indicators / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/worldwide-governance-indicators - Global Health Observatory (WHO, via World Bank WDI) — WHO / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.who.int/data/gho - Child mortality & immunisation estimates (UN IGME and WHO/UNICEF, via World Bank WDI) — UNICEF and WHO / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://childmortality.org - R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) — UNESCO Institute for Statistics / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://uis.unesco.org - ICT indicators (ITU, via World Bank WDI) — ITU / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics - Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) — SIPRI / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex Citation template: Terralore, "Brunei — national dossier", terralore.co/country/BRN, retrieved .