← THE SECTION CUT · NORTH AMERICA

Canada

60.0N 95.0W · 25 EVENTS · 9 DOMAINS
CONFEDERATION — THE DOMINION OF CANADA · 1 JULY 1867
▼ PULL DOWN TO EXTRACT THE CORE
1945 – present · Modern Canada — multiculturalism, patriation, and reconciliation
5 EVENTS
8 October 1971 · Official multiculturalism policy 2 REFS
17 April 1982 · Patriation of the Constitution 5 REFS
1914 – 1945 · The World Wars and growing autonomy
4 EVENTS
1914–1918 · Canada in the First World War 2 REFS
1931 · Statute of Westminster 2 REFS
1867 – 1914 · Confederation and nation-building across the continent
5 EVENTS
1 July 1867 · Confederation — the Dominion of Canada 4 REFS
1869–1870 · Red River Resistance and Manitoba 2 REFS
1763 – 1867 · British conquest and colonial British North America
4 EVENTS
1763 · Treaty of Paris cedes New France to Britain 2 REFS
1774 · Quebec Act 2 REFS
1534 – 1763 · New France and the fur trade
4 EVENTS
1534 · Jacques Cartier explores the St. Lawrence 2 REFS
1608 · Champlain founds Quebec 2 REFS
before 1497 · Indigenous peoples and First Nations before contact
3 EVENTS
c. 13,000 BCE or earlier · Peopling of the continent 2 REFS
c. 1000 · Norse arrival at L'Anse aux Meadows 2 REFS
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Quick facts · atlas reference
Capital
Ottawa
Population
36 m
Area
9,984,670 km²
Region
North America
Languages
English, French
Currency
Canadian dollar ($)
Demonym
Canadian
UN member
Yes
Dossier · press a specimen — it turns over

Economy

GDP
$2.32 T’25 WB-WDI
GDP per capita
$55,698’25 WB-WDI
GDP growth
1.7%’25 WB-WDI
Inflation
2.1%’25 WB-WDI
Trade openness
63.5%’25 WB-WDI

Society

Population
42 m’25 WB-WDI
Life expectancy
82.1 yrs’24 WB-WDI
Urban population
82.9%’25 WB-WDI
Fertility rate
1.3’24 WB-WDI

Governance

Voice & accountability
83.2’24 WB-WGI
Political stability
76.1’24 WB-WGI
Government effectiveness
85.5’24 WB-WGI
Regulatory quality
76.3’24 WB-WGI
Rule of law
82.1’24 WB-WGI
Control of corruption
80.9’24 WB-WGI

Health

Health spending
11.3%’24 WB-WHO
Physicians
2.82’23 WB-WHO
Under-5 mortality
5.4’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Measles immunisation
92.0%’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Safe drinking water
96.9%’24 WB-WHO

Education

Education spending
4.8%’22 WB-UNESCO
Primary enrolment
95.0%’23 WB-UNESCO
Secondary enrolment
104.3%’23 WB-UNESCO
Tertiary enrolment
76.3%’23 WB-UNESCO

Technology

R&D spending
1.8%’24 WB-UNESCO
Researchers (per million)
5,624’22 WB-UNESCO
Internet users
94.4%’24 WB-ITU
Mobile subscriptions
94’24 WB-ITU
High-tech exports
16.8%’24 WB-WDI

Geography

Land area
8,788,700 km²’23 WB-WDI
Forest area
39.5%’23 WB-WDI
Agricultural land
6.5%’23 WB-WDI
CO₂ per capita (t)
14.0’24 WB-WDI
Renewable energy
23.8%’21 WB-WDI

Resources

Resource rents
4.9%’21 WB-WDI
Oil rents
2.8%’21 WB-WDI
Mineral rents
1.2%’21 WB-WDI
Forest rents
0.1%’21 WB-WDI
Electricity access
100.0%’24 WB-WDI
Copper (mined)
500 kt’25 USGS-MCS
Iron ore
69 Mt’25 USGS-MCS
Gold (mined)
200 t’25 USGS-MCS
Lithium (mined)
5,600 t’25 USGS-MCS
Cobalt (mined)
3,500 t’25 USGS-MCS
Nickel (mined)
140 kt’25 USGS-MCS

Military

Military burden
1.3%’24 WB-SIPRI
Defense spending
$29 B’24 WB-SIPRI
Armed forces
72,000’20 WB-SIPRI

A hatched gap has no underside — there is nothing to turn over. Absence is stated, never zeroed.

The record · what changed here

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EVERY CLAIM SOURCED
ABSENCE ≠ ZERO
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