CORE —
EXTRACTED
EXTRACTED
THICKNESS ∝ EVENTS
← THE SECTION CUT · NORTH AMERICA
Cuba
21.5N 80.0W · 22 EVENTS · 9 DOMAINS
REPUBLIC OF CUBA PROCLAIMED · 20 MAY 1902
▼ PULL DOWN TO EXTRACT THE CORE
1991 - present · Special Period, Thaw, and the Present
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1991 CE · The Special Period begins 1 REF
17 Dec 2014 · Thaw with the United States 2 REFS
1959 - 1991 · The Revolution and the Cold War
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1 Jan 1959 · Triumph of the Revolution 2 REFS
Apr 1961 · Bay of Pigs invasion 2 REFS
1898 - 1958 · The Republic: Occupation, Platt, Machado, and Batista
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1901 CE · The Platt Amendment 2 REFS
20 May 1902 · Republic of Cuba proclaimed 2 REFS
1868 - 1898 · The Wars of Independence and 1898
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
10 Oct 1868 · Grito de Yara 2 REFS
1895 CE · Marti's War of Independence 2 REFS
1519 - 1868 · Spanish Colony: Havana, Sugar, and Slavery
3 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1519 CE · Founding of Havana 1 REF
begun 1558 · The fortifications of Havana 1 REF
Pre-1492 - c. 1550 · The Taino and the Spanish Conquest
3 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
27 Oct 1492 · Columbus reaches Cuba 2 REFS
1511 CE · Spanish conquest begins 2 REFS
Read the chronicle
EVERY ERA, EVENT AND REFERENCE ON ONE PAGE
↓
Quick facts · atlas reference
- Capital
- Havana
- Population
- 11 m
- Area
- 109,884 km²
- Region
- Caribbean
- Languages
- Spanish
- Currency
- Cuban convertible peso ($)
- Demonym
- Cuban
- UN member
- Yes
Dossier · press a specimen — it turns over
Specimen bench
PRESS A SPECIMEN — IT TURNS OVER
Economy
GDP
$107 B’20 WB-WDI
GDP per capita
$9,605’20 WB-WDI
GDP growth
-1.1%’24 WB-WDI
Trade openness
124.9%’24 WB-WDI
Society
Population
11 m’25 WB-WDI
Life expectancy
78.3 yrs’24 WB-WDI
Urban population
77.2%’25 WB-WDI
Fertility rate
1.4’24 WB-WDI
Literacy rate
97.7%’19 WB-WDI
Governance
Voice & accountability
34.6’24 WB-WGI
Political stability
71.3’24 WB-WGI
Government effectiveness
46.1’24 WB-WGI
Regulatory quality
32.2’24 WB-WGI
Rule of law
46.2’24 WB-WGI
Control of corruption
43.3’24 WB-WGI
Health
Health spending
9.4%’23 WB-WHO
Physicians
9.54’21 WB-WHO
Under-5 mortality
8.6’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Measles immunisation
99.0%’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Education
Adult literacy
97.7%’19 WB-UNESCO
Education spending
8.4%’22 WB-UNESCO
Primary enrolment
98.1%’24 WB-UNESCO
Secondary enrolment
91.7%’24 WB-UNESCO
Tertiary enrolment
43.1%’24 WB-UNESCO
Technology
R&D spending
0.4%’24 WB-UNESCO
Researchers (per million)
2,171’24 WB-UNESCO
Internet users
70.5%’24 WB-ITU
Mobile subscriptions
73’24 WB-ITU
High-tech exports
7.9%’22 WB-WDI
Geography
Land area
103,800 km²’23 WB-WDI
Forest area
31.2%’23 WB-WDI
Agricultural land
61.7%’23 WB-WDI
CO₂ per capita (t)
1.9’24 WB-WDI
Renewable energy
20.9%’21 WB-WDI
Resources
Resource rents
0.6%’20 WB-WDI
Oil rents
0.2%’20 WB-WDI
Mineral rents
0.2%’20 WB-WDI
Forest rents
0.1%’20 WB-WDI
Electricity access
100.0%’24 WB-WDI
Cobalt (mined)
2,000 t’25 USGS-MCS
Military
Military burden
2.9%’18 WB-SIPRI
Defense spending
$129 M’18 WB-SIPRI
Armed forces
76,000’20 WB-SIPRI
A hatched gap has no underside — there is nothing to turn over. Absence is stated, never zeroed.
The record · what changed here
- Electricity access — 2024 observation published (100.0%), superseding 2023 (100.0%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Population — 2025 observation published (11 m), superseding 2024 (11 m) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Urban population — 2025 observation published (77.2%), superseding 2024 (77.2%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14