← THE SECTION CUT · NORTH AMERICA

Mexico

23.0N 102.0W · 26 EVENTS · 9 DOMAINS
CONSUMMATION OF INDEPENDENCE · 27 SEPT 1821
▼ PULL DOWN TO EXTRACT THE CORE
1920 - present · Modern Mexico: The PRI Era to Today
3 EVENTS
1938 CE · Oil nationalisation 1 REF
1 Jan 1994 · NAFTA and the Zapatista uprising 1 REF
1855 - 1920 · Reform, Porfiriato, and Revolution
4 EVENTS
1857 CE · Constitution of the Reform 2 REFS
1867 CE · Fall of the Second Empire 2 REFS
1810 - 1855 · Independence and the Early Republic
10 EVENTS
24 Feb 1821 · Plan of Iguala 2 REFS
24 Aug 1821 · Treaty of Cordoba 2 REFS
1519 - 1821 · Spanish Conquest and New Spain
3 EVENTS
1519 CE · Cortes lands in Mexico 2 REFS
13 Aug 1521 · Fall of Tenochtitlan 2 REFS
1325 - 1521 · The Mexica (Aztec) Empire
3 EVENTS
1325 CE · Founding of Tenochtitlan 2 REFS
1428 CE · The Triple Alliance 2 REFS
c. 1200 BCE - 900 CE · Mesoamerican Civilisations
3 EVENTS
c. 1200 BCE · Olmec civilisation flourishes 1 REF
1st-7th c. CE · Teotihuacan, city of the gods 2 REFS
Read the chronicle
EVERY ERA, EVENT AND REFERENCE ON ONE PAGE
↓
Quick facts · atlas reference
Capital
Mexico City
Population
125 m
Area
1,964,375 km²
Region
North America
Languages
Spanish
Currency
Mexican peso ($)
Demonym
Mexican
UN member
Yes
Dossier · press a specimen — it turns over

Economy

GDP
$1.83 T’25 WB-WDI
GDP per capita
$13,889’25 WB-WDI
GDP growth
0.6%’25 WB-WDI
Inflation
3.8%’25 WB-WDI
Trade openness
79.9%’25 WB-WDI

Society

Population
132 m’25 WB-WDI
Life expectancy
75.3 yrs’24 WB-WDI
Urban population
80.0%’25 WB-WDI
Fertility rate
1.9’24 WB-WDI
Literacy rate
95.6%’24 WB-WDI

Governance

Voice & accountability
50.9’24 WB-WGI
Political stability
53.7’24 WB-WGI
Government effectiveness
47.1’24 WB-WGI
Regulatory quality
51.8’24 WB-WGI
Rule of law
37.1’24 WB-WGI
Control of corruption
28.8’24 WB-WGI

Health

Health spending
5.5%’23 WB-WHO
Physicians
2.59’22 WB-WHO
Under-5 mortality
13.1’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Measles immunisation
80.0%’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Safe drinking water
43.0%’24 WB-WHO

Education

Adult literacy
95.6%’24 WB-UNESCO
Education spending
4.1%’22 WB-UNESCO
Primary enrolment
102.3%’24 WB-UNESCO
Secondary enrolment
103.1%’24 WB-UNESCO
Tertiary enrolment
48.2%’24 WB-UNESCO

Technology

R&D spending
0.3%’24 WB-UNESCO
Researchers (per million)
438’24 WB-UNESCO
Internet users
83.1%’24 WB-ITU
Mobile subscriptions
116’24 WB-ITU
High-tech exports
19.3%’24 WB-WDI

Geography

Land area
1,943,950 km²’23 WB-WDI
Forest area
33.6%’23 WB-WDI
Agricultural land
50.7%’23 WB-WDI
CO₂ per capita (t)
3.6’24 WB-WDI
Renewable energy
13.0%’21 WB-WDI

Resources

Resource rents
3.6%’21 WB-WDI
Oil rents
2.1%’21 WB-WDI
Mineral rents
1.4%’21 WB-WDI
Forest rents
0.1%’21 WB-WDI
Electricity access
99.8%’24 WB-WDI
Copper (mined)
690 kt’25 USGS-MCS
Iron ore
7.7 Mt’25 USGS-MCS
Gold (mined)
140 t’25 USGS-MCS
Zinc (mined)
780 kt’25 USGS-MCS
Phosphate rock
450 kt’25 USGS-MCS

Military

Military burden
0.9%’24 WB-SIPRI
Defense spending
$17 B’24 WB-SIPRI
Armed forces
341,000’20 WB-SIPRI

A hatched gap has no underside — there is nothing to turn over. Absence is stated, never zeroed.

The record · what changed here
EVERY CLAIM SOURCED
ABSENCE ≠ ZERO
NO SIDES