CORE —
EXTRACTED
EXTRACTED
THICKNESS ∝ EVENTS
← THE SECTION CUT · EUROPE
Poland
52.0N 20.0E · 25 EVENTS · 9 DOMAINS
THE BAPTISM OF POLAND UNDER MIESZKO I · 966
▼ PULL DOWN TO EXTRACT THE CORE
1945 – present · Communist Poland, Solidarity and the Modern Republic
5 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1947 · Establishment of communist rule 2 REFS
Aug 1980 · Birth of Solidarity 2 REFS
1918 – 1945 · The Second Republic, the Second World War and the Nazi-Soviet Catastrophe
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
Aug 1920 · Battle of Warsaw 2 REFS
1 Sep 1939 · German and Soviet invasion of Poland 2 REFS
1795 – 1918 · The Partitions and the Long Fight for Independence
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1815 · Congress of Vienna and the 'Congress Kingdom' 2 REFS
11 Nov 1918 · Restoration of independence 2 REFS
1569 – 1795 · The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: Golden Age and Decline
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1 Jul 1569 · Union of Lublin 2 REFS
1655–1660 · The Deluge 2 REFS
1138 – 1569 · The Piast and Jagiellonian Kingdom
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1333–1370 · Reign of Casimir III the Great 2 REFS
1385 · Union of Krewo and the Jagiellonian dynasty 2 REFS
c. 960 – 1138 · The Birth of the Piast State and the Christianization of Poland
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
966 · The Baptism of Poland 2 REFS
1025 · Coronation of Boleslaw I the Brave 2 REFS
Read the chronicle
EVERY ERA, EVENT AND REFERENCE ON ONE PAGE
↓
Quick facts · atlas reference
- Capital
- Warsaw
- Population
- 38 m
- Area
- 312,679 km²
- Region
- Central Europe
- Languages
- Polish
- Currency
- Polish złoty (zł)
- Demonym
- Polish
- UN member
- Yes
Dossier · press a specimen — it turns over
Specimen bench
PRESS A SPECIMEN — IT TURNS OVER
Economy
GDP
$1.04 T’25 WB-WDI
GDP per capita
$28,420’25 WB-WDI
GDP growth
3.6%’25 WB-WDI
Inflation
3.8%’25 WB-WDI
Trade openness
97.0%’25 WB-WDI
Society
Population
36 m’25 WB-WDI
Life expectancy
78.4 yrs’24 WB-WDI
Urban population
60.1%’25 WB-WDI
Fertility rate
1.1’24 WB-WDI
Governance
Voice & accountability
70.0’24 WB-WGI
Political stability
74.4’24 WB-WGI
Government effectiveness
64.4’24 WB-WGI
Regulatory quality
65.7’24 WB-WGI
Rule of law
66.9’24 WB-WGI
Control of corruption
63.9’24 WB-WGI
Health
Health spending
8.1%’24 WB-WHO
Physicians
4.03’23 WB-WHO
Under-5 mortality
4.2’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Measles immunisation
92.0%’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Safe drinking water
88.7%’24 WB-WHO
Education
Education spending
4.3%’22 WB-UNESCO
Primary enrolment
105.4%’24 WB-UNESCO
Secondary enrolment
107.9%’24 WB-UNESCO
Tertiary enrolment
80.9%’24 WB-UNESCO
Technology
R&D spending
1.6%’23 WB-UNESCO
Researchers (per million)
3,675’23 WB-UNESCO
Internet users
88.6%’24 WB-ITU
Mobile subscriptions
138’24 WB-ITU
High-tech exports
13.5%’24 WB-WDI
Geography
Land area
306,270 km²’23 WB-WDI
Forest area
31.1%’23 WB-WDI
Agricultural land
47.6%’23 WB-WDI
CO₂ per capita (t)
7.6’24 WB-WDI
Renewable energy
15.2%’21 WB-WDI
Resources
Resource rents
1.0%’21 WB-WDI
Oil rents
0.0%’21 WB-WDI
Mineral rents
0.5%’21 WB-WDI
Forest rents
0.2%’21 WB-WDI
Electricity access
100.0%’24 WB-WDI
Copper (mined)
410 kt’25 USGS-MCS
Military
Military burden
4.2%’24 WB-SIPRI
Defense spending
$38 B’24 WB-SIPRI
Armed forces
189,000’20 WB-SIPRI
A hatched gap has no underside — there is nothing to turn over. Absence is stated, never zeroed.
The record · what changed here
- GDP — 2025 observation published ($1.04 T), superseding 2024 ($918 B) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- GDP per capita — 2025 observation published ($28,420), superseding 2024 ($25,104) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- GDP growth — 2025 observation published (3.6%), superseding 2024 (3.0%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Inflation — 2025 observation published (3.8%), superseding 2024 (3.8%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Trade openness — 2025 observation published (97.0%), superseding 2024 (100.4%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Electricity access — 2024 observation published (100.0%), superseding 2023 (100.0%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Population — 2025 observation published (36 m), superseding 2024 (37 m) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Urban population — 2025 observation published (60.1%), superseding 2024 (60.0%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14