CORE —
EXTRACTED
EXTRACTED
THICKNESS ∝ EVENTS
← THE SECTION CUT · NORTH AMERICA
Puerto Rico
18.3N 66.5W · 19 EVENTS · 8 DOMAINS
COMMONWEALTH (ESTADO LIBRE ASOCIADO) ESTABLISHED · 25 JULY 1952
▼ PULL DOWN TO EXTRACT THE CORE
2000 - present · Vieques, Maria, and the Unresolved Future
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1 May 2003 · U.S. Navy leaves Vieques 1 REF
2015-2016 · Debt crisis and PROMESA 1 REF
1948 - 2000 · The Commonwealth and the Status Question
3 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1948 CE · First elected governor 2 REFS
25 July 1952 · Commonwealth established 2 REFS
1898 - 1948 · Under the United States: Citizenship and a New Order
3 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1898 CE · U.S. takes control of Puerto Rico 2 REFS
2 Mar 1917 · Jones-Shafroth Act grants citizenship 2 REFS
1815 - 1898 · Plantation, Abolition, and the End of Spanish Rule
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1897 CE · Charter of Autonomy 2 REFS
10 Dec 1898 · Treaty of Paris cedes Puerto Rico 2 REFS
1508 - 1815 · The Spanish Colony and the Fortress City
3 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1508 CE · Ponce de León founds Caparra 2 REFS
from 1539 · El Morro and the fortification of San Juan 2 REFS
c. 1000 - 1508 · Borikén of the Taíno and Columbus's Arrival
2 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
by c. 1000 CE · Taíno settle Borikén 1 REF
19 Nov 1493 · Columbus claims the island 1 REF
Read the chronicle
EVERY ERA, EVENT AND REFERENCE ON ONE PAGE
↓
Quick facts · atlas reference
- Capital
- San Juan
- Population
- 3.4 m
- Area
- 8,870 km²
- Region
- Caribbean
- Languages
- English, Spanish
- Currency
- United States dollar ($)
- Demonym
- Puerto Rican
- UN member
- No
Dossier · press a specimen — it turns over
Specimen bench
PRESS A SPECIMEN — IT TURNS OVER
Economy
GDP
$129 B’25 WB-WDI
GDP per capita
$40,620’25 WB-WDI
GDP growth
0.3%’25 WB-WDI
Trade openness
90.5%’25 WB-WDI
Society
Population
3.2 m’25 WB-WDI
Life expectancy
81.9 yrs’24 WB-WDI
Urban population
94.3%’25 WB-WDI
Fertility rate
0.9’24 WB-WDI
Literacy rate
92.4%’17 WB-WDI
Governance
Voice & accountability
63.5’24 WB-WGI
Political stability
73.4’24 WB-WGI
Government effectiveness
46.4’24 WB-WGI
Regulatory quality
65.2’24 WB-WGI
Rule of law
66.4’24 WB-WGI
Control of corruption
55.9’24 WB-WGI
Health
Safe drinking water
98.9%’24 WB-WHO
Education
Adult literacy
92.4%’17 WB-UNESCO
Education spending
4.3%’24 WB-UNESCO
Primary enrolment
87.9%’24 WB-UNESCO
Secondary enrolment
81.5%’24 WB-UNESCO
Tertiary enrolment
77.9%’23 WB-UNESCO
Technology
R&D spending
0.4%’15 WB-UNESCO
Researchers (per million)
332’15 WB-UNESCO
Internet users
87.3%’22 WB-ITU
Mobile subscriptions
126’24 WB-ITU
Geography
Land area
8,870 km²’23 WB-WDI
Forest area
56.1%’23 WB-WDI
Agricultural land
19.0%’23 WB-WDI
CO₂ per capita (t)
4.8’24 WB-WDI
Renewable energy
2.5%’22 WB-WDI
Resources
Resource rents
0.0%’21 WB-WDI
Oil rents
0.0%’21 WB-WDI
Mineral rents
0.0%’21 WB-WDI
Forest rents
0.0%’21 WB-WDI
Electricity access
100.0%’24 WB-WDI
A hatched gap has no underside — there is nothing to turn over. Absence is stated, never zeroed.
The record · what changed here
- GDP — 2025 observation published ($129 B), superseding 2024 ($126 B) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- GDP per capita — 2025 observation published ($40,620), superseding 2024 ($39,344) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- GDP growth — 2025 observation published (0.3%), superseding 2024 (3.2%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Trade openness — 2025 observation published (90.5%), superseding 2024 (94.6%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- CO₂ per capita (t) — 2024 value revised by the publisher: 4.8 → 4.8 → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Electricity access — 2024 observation published (100.0%), superseding 2023 (100.0%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Population — 2025 observation published (3.2 m), superseding 2024 (3.2 m) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Urban population — 2025 observation published (94.3%), superseding 2024 (94.3%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14