CORE —
EXTRACTED
EXTRACTED
THICKNESS ∝ EVENTS
← THE SECTION CUT · AFRICA
Senegal
14.0N 14.0W · 26 EVENTS · 9 DOMAINS
INDEPENDENCE FROM FRANCE · 1960
▼ PULL DOWN TO EXTRACT THE CORE
1981 – present · A Democratic Republic and the Casamance Question
5 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
26 December 1982 · Casamance insurgency begins 2 REFS
2000 · Wade defeats Diouf 2 REFS
1958 – 1980 · Independence and the Senghor Republic
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1959 · Mali Federation formed 2 REFS
4 April 1960 · Independence within the Mali Federation 2 REFS
1850 – 1960 · French Conquest, the Four Communes and the Marabouts
5 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1895 · Bamba exiled; French West Africa formed 2 REFS
1914 · Blaise Diagne elected to the French parliament 2 REFS
1450 – 1850 · Atlantic Trade, Gorée and Saint-Louis
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1659 · France founds Saint-Louis 2 REFS
1677 · France takes Gorée 2 REFS
c. 1350 – 1700 · The Jolof Empire and Its Successor Kingdoms
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
mid-14th c. · Rise of the Jolof Empire 2 REFS
c. 1556 · Cayor breaks from Jolof 3 REFS
c. 800 – 1300 · Takrur and the Coming of Islam
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
9th–11th c. · Islam reaches the Senegal River 3 REFS
c. 1035 · War Jabi adopts Islamic law in Takrur 2 REFS
Read the chronicle
EVERY ERA, EVENT AND REFERENCE ON ONE PAGE
↓
Quick facts · atlas reference
- Capital
- Dakar
- Population
- 15 m
- Area
- 196,722 km²
- Region
- Western Africa
- Languages
- French
- Currency
- West African CFA franc (Fr)
- Demonym
- Senegalese
- UN member
- Yes
Dossier · press a specimen — it turns over
Specimen bench
PRESS A SPECIMEN — IT TURNS OVER
Economy
GDP
$37 B’25 WB-WDI
GDP per capita
$1,955’25 WB-WDI
GDP growth
6.7%’25 WB-WDI
Inflation
1.5%’25 WB-WDI
Trade openness
71.1%’25 WB-WDI
Society
Population
19 m’25 WB-WDI
Life expectancy
68.9 yrs’24 WB-WDI
Urban population
55.8%’25 WB-WDI
Fertility rate
3.8’24 WB-WDI
Literacy rate
50.4%’23 WB-WDI
Governance
Voice & accountability
57.1’24 WB-WGI
Political stability
62.0’24 WB-WGI
Government effectiveness
55.9’24 WB-WGI
Regulatory quality
51.1’24 WB-WGI
Rule of law
53.4’24 WB-WGI
Control of corruption
50.1’24 WB-WGI
Health
Health spending
4.3%’23 WB-WHO
Physicians
0.11’23 WB-WHO
Under-5 mortality
36.5’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Measles immunisation
87.0%’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Safe drinking water
27.2%’24 WB-WHO
Education
Adult literacy
50.4%’23 WB-UNESCO
Education spending
6.2%’23 WB-UNESCO
Primary enrolment
85.3%’24 WB-UNESCO
Secondary enrolment
44.1%’23 WB-UNESCO
Tertiary enrolment
15.3%’24 WB-UNESCO
Technology
R&D spending
0.6%’15 WB-UNESCO
Researchers (per million)
572’15 WB-UNESCO
Internet users
60.1%’24 WB-ITU
Mobile subscriptions
124’24 WB-ITU
High-tech exports
3.0%’24 WB-WDI
Geography
Land area
192,530 km²’23 WB-WDI
Forest area
41.3%’23 WB-WDI
Agricultural land
49.4%’23 WB-WDI
CO₂ per capita (t)
0.8’24 WB-WDI
Renewable energy
35.4%’21 WB-WDI
Resources
Resource rents
4.4%’21 WB-WDI
Oil rents
0.0%’21 WB-WDI
Mineral rents
2.9%’21 WB-WDI
Forest rents
1.5%’21 WB-WDI
Electricity access
82.9%’24 WB-WDI
Phosphate rock
2.8 Mt’25 USGS-MCS
Military
Military burden
1.6%’24 WB-SIPRI
Defense spending
$515 M’24 WB-SIPRI
Armed forces
19,000’20 WB-SIPRI
A hatched gap has no underside — there is nothing to turn over. Absence is stated, never zeroed.
The record · what changed here
- GDP — 2025 observation published ($37 B), superseding 2024 ($33 B) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- GDP per capita — 2025 observation published ($1,955), superseding 2024 ($1,773) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- GDP growth — 2025 observation published (6.7%), superseding 2024 (6.1%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Inflation — 2025 observation published (1.5%), superseding 2024 (0.8%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Trade openness — 2025 observation published (71.1%), superseding 2024 (68.1%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Electricity access — 2024 observation published (82.9%), superseding 2023 (74.2%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Population — 2025 observation published (19 m), superseding 2024 (19 m) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Urban population — 2025 observation published (55.8%), superseding 2024 (55.2%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14