CORE —
EXTRACTED
EXTRACTED
THICKNESS ∝ EVENTS
← THE SECTION CUT · EUROPE
Ukraine
49.0N 32.0E · 29 EVENTS · 9 DOMAINS
INDEPENDENCE FROM THE SOVIET UNION · 24 AUGUST 1991
▼ PULL DOWN TO EXTRACT THE CORE
1991 – present · Independent Ukraine, Revolutions and the Defence of Sovereignty
6 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
Mar 2014 · Russia annexes Crimea; UN Resolution 68/262 3 REFS
24 Feb 2022 · Full-scale invasion; UN Resolution ES-11/1 2 REFS
1921 – 1991 · Soviet Ukraine, the Holodomor and the Second World War
5 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1932–33 · The Holodomor 2 REFS
29–30 Sep 1941 · Babyn Yar massacre 2 REFS
1795 – 1921 · National Awakening and the Ukrainian People's Republic
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1840 · Shevchenko publishes 'Kobzar' 2 REFS
Nov 1917 · Ukrainian People's Republic proclaimed 2 REFS
1648 – 1795 · The Cossack Hetmanate and the Partition of Ukrainian Lands
5 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1648 · Khmelnytsky's uprising 2 REFS
1654 · Council of Pereiaslav 2 REFS
1240 – 1648 · Between Lithuania, Poland and the Steppe
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
late 15th–16th c. · Rise of the Cossacks 2 REFS
16th century · The Zaporozhian Sich 2 REFS
c. 880 – 1240 · Kievan Rus' and the Baptism of 988
5 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
988 · The Baptism of Rus' 3 REFS
1019–1054 · Reign of Yaroslav the Wise 2 REFS
Read the chronicle
EVERY ERA, EVENT AND REFERENCE ON ONE PAGE
↓
Quick facts · atlas reference
- Capital
- Kyiv
- Population
- 44 m
- Area
- 603,500 km²
- Region
- Eastern Europe
- Languages
- Ukrainian
- Currency
- Ukrainian hryvnia (₴)
- Demonym
- Ukrainian
- UN member
- Yes
Dossier · press a specimen — it turns over
Specimen bench
PRESS A SPECIMEN — IT TURNS OVER
Economy
GDP
$214 B’25 WB-WDI
GDP per capita
$5,866’25 WB-WDI
GDP growth
1.8%’25 WB-WDI
Inflation
12.7%’25 WB-WDI
Trade openness
77.2%’25 WB-WDI
Society
Population
39 m’25 WB-WDI
Life expectancy
74.7 yrs’24 WB-WDI
Urban population
69.6%’25 WB-WDI
Fertility rate
1.0’24 WB-WDI
Literacy rate
99.4%’01 WB-WDI
Governance
Voice & accountability
54.9’24 WB-WGI
Political stability
58.5’24 WB-WGI
Government effectiveness
39.7’24 WB-WGI
Regulatory quality
50.1’24 WB-WGI
Rule of law
44.6’24 WB-WGI
Control of corruption
34.2’24 WB-WGI
Health
Health spending
8.2%’21 WB-WHO
Physicians
3.53’23 WB-WHO
Under-5 mortality
7.9’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Measles immunisation
91.0%’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Safe drinking water
87.9%’24 WB-WHO
Education
Adult literacy
99.4%’01 WB-UNESCO
Education spending
5.1%’21 WB-UNESCO
Primary enrolment
93.3%’24 WB-UNESCO
Secondary enrolment
86.2%’24 WB-UNESCO
Tertiary enrolment
87.2%’24 WB-UNESCO
Technology
R&D spending
0.4%’24 WB-UNESCO
Researchers (per million)
586’22 WB-UNESCO
Internet users
82.5%’24 WB-ITU
Mobile subscriptions
133’23 WB-ITU
High-tech exports
6.4%’24 WB-WDI
Geography
Land area
579,400 km²’23 WB-WDI
Forest area
16.8%’23 WB-WDI
Agricultural land
71.3%’23 WB-WDI
CO₂ per capita (t)
3.1’24 WB-WDI
Renewable energy
8.9%’21 WB-WDI
Resources
Resource rents
7.5%’21 WB-WDI
Oil rents
0.3%’21 WB-WDI
Mineral rents
5.3%’21 WB-WDI
Forest rents
0.2%’21 WB-WDI
Electricity access
100.0%’24 WB-WDI
Iron ore
52 Mt’25 USGS-MCS
Military
Military burden
34.5%’24 WB-SIPRI
Defense spending
$65 B’24 WB-SIPRI
Armed forces
298,000’20 WB-SIPRI
A hatched gap has no underside — there is nothing to turn over. Absence is stated, never zeroed.
The record · what changed here
- GDP — 2025 observation published ($214 B), superseding 2024 ($191 B) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- GDP per capita — 2025 observation published ($5,866), superseding 2024 ($5,389) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- GDP growth — 2025 observation published (1.8%), superseding 2024 (2.9%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Inflation — 2025 observation published (12.7%), superseding 2024 (6.5%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Trade openness — 2025 observation published (77.2%), superseding 2024 (77.8%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Electricity access — 2024 observation published (100.0%), superseding 2023 (100.0%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Population — 2025 observation published (39 m), superseding 2024 (38 m) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Urban population — 2025 observation published (69.6%), superseding 2024 (69.5%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14