CORE —
EXTRACTED
EXTRACTED
THICKNESS ∝ EVENTS
← THE SECTION CUT · ASIA
Uzbekistan
41.0N 64.0E · 24 EVENTS · 9 DOMAINS
INDEPENDENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN · 1 SEPTEMBER 1991
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1991 – present · Independent Uzbekistan
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1 September 1991 · Uzbekistan declares independence 2 REFS
May 2005 · The Andijan events 1 REF
1865 – 1991 CE · Russian Conquest and Soviet Rule
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1865 CE · Russia takes Tashkent 2 REFS
1868–1876 CE · Khanates absorbed into Russian Turkestan 2 REFS
1500 – 1865 CE · The Uzbek Khanates
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
c. 1500–1510 CE · Shaybanid Uzbeks conquer Transoxiana 2 REFS
1512 CE · The khanate of Khiva is founded 2 REFS
1220 – 1500 CE · The Mongol Storm and the Empire of Timur
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
1220 CE · Genghis Khan sacks Bukhara and Samarkand 2 REFS
c. 1370 CE · Timur takes power and makes Samarkand his capital 2 REFS
651 – 999 CE · The Arab Conquest and the Samanid Golden Age
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
c. 706–712 CE · Arab conquest of Bukhara and Samarkand 2 REFS
9th–10th centuries CE · Samanid Bukhara, a centre of the Islamic Golden Age 2 REFS
c. 1000 BCE – 651 CE · Sogdiana, Bactria and the Silk Road
4 EVENTS · READ THE BED →
c. 1000–500 BCE · Sogdiana settled and under Achaemenid rule 2 REFS
329 BCE · Alexander the Great conquers Sogdiana 2 REFS
Read the chronicle
EVERY ERA, EVENT AND REFERENCE ON ONE PAGE
↓
Quick facts · atlas reference
- Capital
- Tashkent
- Population
- 30 m
- Area
- 447,400 km²
- Region
- Central Asia
- Languages
- Russian, Uzbek
- Currency
- Uzbekistani soʻm (so'm)
- Demonym
- Uzbekistani
- UN member
- Yes
Dossier · press a specimen — it turns over
Specimen bench
PRESS A SPECIMEN — IT TURNS OVER
Economy
GDP
$147 B’25 WB-WDI
GDP per capita
$3,968’25 WB-WDI
GDP growth
7.7%’25 WB-WDI
Inflation
8.8%’25 WB-WDI
Trade openness
57.4%’25 WB-WDI
Society
Population
37 m’25 WB-WDI
Life expectancy
72.5 yrs’24 WB-WDI
Urban population
51.0%’25 WB-WDI
Fertility rate
3.5’24 WB-WDI
Literacy rate
100.0%’22 WB-WDI
Governance
Voice & accountability
38.6’24 WB-WGI
Political stability
65.4’24 WB-WGI
Government effectiveness
48.5’24 WB-WGI
Regulatory quality
46.6’24 WB-WGI
Rule of law
45.7’24 WB-WGI
Control of corruption
32.6’24 WB-WGI
Health
Health spending
6.7%’23 WB-WHO
Physicians
2.81’21 WB-WHO
Under-5 mortality
13.4’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Measles immunisation
99.0%’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Safe drinking water
81.9%’24 WB-WHO
Education
Adult literacy
100.0%’22 WB-UNESCO
Education spending
5.5%’23 WB-UNESCO
Primary enrolment
120.9%’25 WB-UNESCO
Secondary enrolment
98.1%’25 WB-UNESCO
Tertiary enrolment
59.8%’25 WB-UNESCO
Technology
R&D spending
0.1%’24 WB-UNESCO
Researchers (per million)
640’24 WB-UNESCO
Internet users
89.5%’24 WB-ITU
Mobile subscriptions
110’24 WB-ITU
High-tech exports
1.7%’24 WB-WDI
Geography
Land area
440,650 km²’23 WB-WDI
Forest area
8.5%’23 WB-WDI
Agricultural land
58.1%’23 WB-WDI
CO₂ per capita (t)
4.1’24 WB-WDI
Renewable energy
1.0%’21 WB-WDI
Resources
Resource rents
20.5%’21 WB-WDI
Oil rents
0.9%’21 WB-WDI
Mineral rents
8.5%’21 WB-WDI
Forest rents
0.0%’21 WB-WDI
Electricity access
100.0%’24 WB-WDI
Gold (mined)
130 t’25 USGS-MCS
Phosphate rock
950 kt’25 USGS-MCS
Military
Military burden
2.9%’18 WB-SIPRI
Defense spending
$1.4 B’18 WB-SIPRI
Armed forces
68,000’20 WB-SIPRI
A hatched gap has no underside — there is nothing to turn over. Absence is stated, never zeroed.
The record · what changed here
- GDP — 2025 observation published ($147 B), superseding 2024 ($115 B) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- GDP per capita — 2025 observation published ($3,968), superseding 2024 ($3,162) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- GDP growth — 2025 observation published (7.7%), superseding 2024 (6.5%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Inflation — 2025 observation published (8.8%), superseding 2024 (9.6%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Trade openness — 2025 observation published (57.4%), superseding 2024 (60.7%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Electricity access — 2024 observation published (100.0%), superseding 2023 (100.0%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Population — 2025 observation published (37 m), superseding 2024 (36 m) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14
- Urban population — 2025 observation published (51.0%), superseding 2024 (51.0%) → THE SPECIMENLEDGER № 0001 · 2026-08-14