← THE SECTION CUT · SOUTH AMERICA

Venezuela

8.0N 66.0W · 26 EVENTS · 9 DOMAINS
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE FROM SPAIN · 5 JULY 1811
▼ PULL DOWN TO EXTRACT THE CORE
1999 - present · The Bolivarian Revolution and the Crisis
6 EVENTS
Dec 1998 · Chavez elected president 2 REFS
Dec 1999 · The Bolivarian Constitution 2 REFS
1935 - 1998 · The Petro-State and the Democratic Era
4 EVENTS
23 Jan 1958 · Fall of Perez Jimenez and the Punto Fijo pact 2 REFS
1 Jan 1976 · Nationalisation of the oil industry 2 REFS
1830 - 1935 · Caudillos, the Federal War and the Rise of Oil
4 EVENTS
1859-1863 · The Federal War 2 REFS
1870-1888 · The era of Guzman Blanco 2 REFS
1810 - 1830 · The Cradle of Independence and Simon Bolivar
5 EVENTS
19 Apr 1810 · Junta deposes the captain general 2 REFS
5 July 1811 · First declaration of independence in Spanish America 2 REFS
1527 - 1810 · Colonial Venezuela and the Captaincy General
3 EVENTS
1567 CE · Founding of Caracas 2 REFS
17th-18th c. · A cacao-and-slave economy 2 REFS
Before 1498 - 1527 · Indigenous Peoples and the Encounter of 1498
4 EVENTS
by c. 1000 BCE · Indigenous peoples of coast, plains and Andes 2 REFS
Aug 1498 · Columbus reaches the Gulf of Paria 2 REFS
Read the chronicle
EVERY ERA, EVENT AND REFERENCE ON ONE PAGE
↓
Quick facts · atlas reference
Capital
Caracas
Population
31 m
Area
916,445 km²
Region
South America
Languages
Spanish
Currency
Venezuelan bolívar soberano (Bs.S.)
Demonym
Venezuelan
UN member
Yes
Dossier · press a specimen — it turns over

Economy

GDP
$100 B’25 WB-WDI
GDP per capita
$3,495’25 WB-WDI
GDP growth
1.6%’25 WB-WDI
Inflation
254.9%’16 WB-WDI
Trade openness
25.0%’25 WB-WDI

Society

Population
29 m’25 WB-WDI
Life expectancy
72.7 yrs’24 WB-WDI
Urban population
89.3%’25 WB-WDI
Fertility rate
2.1’24 WB-WDI
Literacy rate
97.2%’17 WB-WDI

Governance

Voice & accountability
25.0’24 WB-WGI
Political stability
36.2’24 WB-WGI
Government effectiveness
22.8’24 WB-WGI
Regulatory quality
24.8’24 WB-WGI
Rule of law
19.0’24 WB-WGI
Control of corruption
15.7’24 WB-WGI

Health

Health spending
3.8%’23 WB-WHO
Physicians
1.66’17 WB-WHO
Under-5 mortality
24.2’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO
Measles immunisation
71.0%’24 WB-UNICEF-WHO

Education

Adult literacy
97.2%’17 WB-UNESCO
Education spending
6.9%’09 WB-UNESCO
Primary enrolment
113.7%’24 WB-UNESCO
Secondary enrolment
97.8%’24 WB-UNESCO
Tertiary enrolment
78.3%’09 WB-UNESCO

Technology

R&D spending
0.3%’14 WB-UNESCO
Researchers (per million)
180’23 WB-UNESCO
Internet users
76.7%’24 WB-ITU
Mobile subscriptions
71’24 WB-ITU

Geography

Land area
882,050 km²’23 WB-WDI
Forest area
52.2%’23 WB-WDI
Agricultural land
24.4%’23 WB-WDI
CO₂ per capita (t)
3.4’24 WB-WDI
Renewable energy
33.7%’21 WB-WDI

Resources

Resource rents
11.8%’14 WB-WDI
Oil rents
11.3%’14 WB-WDI
Mineral rents
0.1%’14 WB-WDI
Forest rents
0.1%’14 WB-WDI
Electricity access
100.0%’24 WB-WDI

Military

Military burden
0.5%’23 WB-SIPRI
Defense spending
$0’24 WB-SIPRI
Armed forces
343,000’20 WB-SIPRI

A hatched gap has no underside — there is nothing to turn over. Absence is stated, never zeroed.

The record · what changed here
EVERY CLAIM SOURCED
ABSENCE ≠ ZERO
NO SIDES