# Zimbabwe — national dossier Zimbabwe — economy, society, governance, health, education, technology, geography, resources and military in one sourced dossier: 44 indicators, each… Canonical: https://terralore.co/country/ZWE Updated: 2026-08-14 (latest domain refresh; each figure carries its own observation year) ## Overview - Official name: Republic of Zimbabwe - Capital: Harare - Region: Eastern Africa, Africa - Population: 14 m - Area: 390,757 km² - Languages: Chibarwe, English, Kalanga, Khoisan, Ndau, Northern Ndebele, Chewa, Shona, Sotho, Tonga, Tswana, Tsonga, Venda, Xhosa, Zimbabwean Sign Language - Currency: Botswana pula (BWP), Chinese yuan (CNY), Euro (EUR), British pound (GBP), Indian rupee (INR), Japanese yen (JPY), United States dollar (USD), South African rand (ZAR), Zimbabwean bonds (ZWB) A "—" is an absence in the source data, never a zero. Each figure shows the year it was observed — vintages differ by indicator and nation. ## Economy | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | GDP | $51 B | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | GDP per capita | $3,021 | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | GDP growth | 8.1% | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | Inflation | 104.7% | 2022 | World Development Indicators | | Trade openness | 41.5% | 2024 | World Development Indicators | ## Society | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Population | 17 m | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | Life expectancy | 63.1 yrs | 2024 | World Development Indicators | | Urban population | 40.5% | 2025 | World Development Indicators | | Fertility rate | 3.7 | 2024 | World Development Indicators | | Literacy rate | 93.2% | 2019 | World Development Indicators | ## Governance | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Voice & accountability | 34.8 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Political stability | 48.5 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Government effectiveness | 32.1 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Regulatory quality | 36.3 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Rule of law | 36.1 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | | Control of corruption | 22.5 | 2024 | Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) | ## Health | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Health spending | 2.9% | 2023 | Global Health Observatory (WHO, via World Bank WDI) | | Physicians | 0.14 | 2023 | Global Health Observatory (WHO, via World Bank WDI) | | Under-5 mortality | 64.7 | 2024 | Child mortality & immunisation estimates (UN IGME and WHO/UNICEF, via World Bank WDI) | | Measles immunisation | 90.0% | 2024 | Child mortality & immunisation estimates (UN IGME and WHO/UNICEF, via World Bank WDI) | | Safe drinking water | 25.5% | 2024 | Global Health Observatory (WHO, via World Bank WDI) | ## Education | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Adult literacy | 93.2% | 2019 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Education spending | 0.4% | 2023 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Primary enrolment | 93.1% | 2024 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Secondary enrolment | 52.4% | 2013 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Tertiary enrolment | 7.7% | 2024 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | ## Technology | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Researchers (per million) | 95 | 2012 | R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) | | Internet users | 41.6% | 2024 | ICT indicators (ITU, via World Bank WDI) | | Mobile subscriptions | 94 | 2024 | ICT indicators (ITU, via World Bank WDI) | | High-tech exports | 2.8% | 2024 | World Development Indicators | ## Geography | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Land area | 386,850 km² | 2023 | World Development Indicators | | Forest area | 44.7% | 2023 | World Development Indicators | | Agricultural land | 41.8% | 2023 | World Development Indicators | | CO₂ per capita (t) | 0.8 | 2024 | World Development Indicators | | Renewable energy | 82.4% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | ## Resources | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Resource rents | 6.4% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | | Oil rents | 0.0% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | | Mineral rents | 4.2% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | | Forest rents | 1.8% | 2021 | World Development Indicators | | Electricity access | 62.0% | 2024 | World Development Indicators | | Lithium (mined) | 28.0 kt | 2025 | Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 | ## Military | Metric | Value | Observed | Source | |---|---|---|---| | Military burden | 0.4% | 2024 | Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) | | Defense spending | $98 M | 2024 | Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) | | Armed forces | 51,000 | 2020 | Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) | Every metric above is also ranked across all nations: https://terralore.co/rankings (markdown twins at /rankings/.md). Machine-readable claims — every figure above as an addressable claim ID (TL:ZWE::) with value, source, license and a ready citation string: https://terralore.co/country/ZWE.claims.json History: "From the great medieval stone city of the Shona, through the Mutapa and Rozvi states, the Ndebele kingdom, British colonisation as Southern Rhodesia, and a long liberation war to independence in 1980." — the sourced chronicle is at https://terralore.co/country/ZWE/chronicle.md (5 eras, 23 events). ## Sources - World Development Indicators — World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://data.worldbank.org - Worldwide Governance Indicators (via World Bank API) — Worldwide Governance Indicators / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/worldwide-governance-indicators - Global Health Observatory (WHO, via World Bank WDI) — WHO / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.who.int/data/gho - Child mortality & immunisation estimates (UN IGME and WHO/UNICEF, via World Bank WDI) — UNICEF and WHO / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://childmortality.org - R&D statistics (UNESCO UIS, via World Bank WDI) — UNESCO Institute for Statistics / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://uis.unesco.org - ICT indicators (ITU, via World Bank WDI) — ITU / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics - Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 — U.S. Geological Survey · Public domain (U.S. Government work) · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center - Military Expenditure Database (via World Development Indicators) — SIPRI / World Bank · CC BY 4.0 · accessed 2026-08-14 · https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex Citation template: Terralore, "Zimbabwe — national dossier", terralore.co/country/ZWE, retrieved .