Side by side
Eritrea and Ethiopia compared
Two sourced records set beside each other — the figures each nation publishes, and the events each chronicle records of the other. Compared, never graded.
- Shared indicators
- 38
- Domains
- 9
- Crossed events
- 8
- Data through
- 2026-08-10
The figures, side by side
Each figure is the same observation, with the same source, as on the two dossiers. Every value shows the year it was observed — vintages differ by indicator and nation. A “—” is an absence in the source data, never a zero. Metric names link to the world ranking; values open the figure on its own dossier.
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Entangled histories
8 events in which either nation’s sourced chronicle names the other — including under earlier names of the same state. Each is the same record, with the same sources, as on its own chronicle; nothing here was written for this page.
- October 1896
Treaty of Addis Ababa
Italy recognises the full sovereignty and independence of Ethiopia, abrogating the Treaty of Wuchale, though it retains the separate coastal colony of Eritrea.
Independence · from the Ethiopia chronicle · Menelik II, Adwa and the Defeat of Colonisation · Battle of Adwa
- October 1935 - May 1936
Conquest of Ethiopia launched from Eritrea
Italian forces invade Ethiopia from Eritrea, taking Addis Ababa in May 1936; Eritrea is absorbed into Italian East Africa.
War & Rupture · from the Eritrea chronicle · Italy's First-Born Colony · Second Italo-Ethiopian War, Italian Eritrea
- 11 September 1952
UN federation with Ethiopia
Under UN Resolution 390 A (V) of 1950, Eritrea becomes an autonomous unit federated with Ethiopia, keeping its own parliament, flag and control of internal affairs.
Politics & Power · from the Eritrea chronicle · Federation, Annexation and the Thirty-Year War · Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea, A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition: Eritrea
- 24 May 1991
EPLF captures Asmara
As the Derg regime collapses in Ethiopia, EPLF forces enter Asmara, winning de facto independence and forming a provisional government.
Independence · from the Eritrea chronicle · Federation, Annexation and the Thirty-Year War · Eritrean People's Liberation Front, Eritrean War of Independence
- May 1991
Fall of the Derg and a new federal order
The EPRDF captures Addis Ababa and Mengistu flees into exile, ending the civil war and the Derg; a new ethnic-federal constitution follows, and Eritrea votes for independence in 1993, leaving Ethiopia landlocked.
Politics & Power · from the Ethiopia chronicle · Haile Selassie, the Derg, Civil War and Modern Ethiopia · Fall of the Derg regime, 1993 Eritrean independence referendum
- May 1998 - June 2000
Border war with Ethiopia
A dispute over Badme escalates into a full-scale war that kills tens of thousands and displaces more than a million before a ceasefire.
War & Rupture · from the Eritrea chronicle · Independence, Border War and the Closed State · Eritrean-Ethiopian War (1998 invasion of Ethiopia), Algiers Agreement (2000)
- 12 December 2000
Algiers Agreement
Eritrea and Ethiopia sign the Algiers peace agreement; a boundary commission later awards Badme to Eritrea, but Ethiopia refuses to withdraw, leaving a frozen stand-off.
Politics & Power · from the Eritrea chronicle · Independence, Border War and the Closed State · Algiers Agreement (2000)
- 9 July 2018
Peace with Ethiopia
Isaias Afwerki and Abiy Ahmed sign a declaration formally ending the border war, though internal repression in Eritrea continues largely unchanged.
Politics & Power · from the Eritrea chronicle · Independence, Border War and the Closed State · Eritrea-Ethiopia Peace Deal Offers Hope for Reform