Side by side
Spain and Italy compared
Two sourced records set beside each other — the figures each nation publishes, and the events each chronicle records of the other. Compared, never graded.
1492 — The Granada War ends and the Catholic Monarchs' realms span the peninsula
- Shared indicators
- 43
- Domains
- 9
- Crossed events
- 1
- Data through
- 2026-08-10
The figures, side by side
Each figure is the same observation, with the same source, as on the two dossiers. Every value shows the year it was observed — vintages differ by indicator and nation. A “—” is an absence in the source data, never a zero. Metric names link to the world ranking; values open the figure on its own dossier.
Economy
Society
Governance
Health
Education
Technology
Geography
Resources
Entangled histories
One event in which either nation’s sourced chronicle names the other — including under earlier names of the same state. Each is the same record, with the same sources, as on its own chronicle; nothing here was written for this page.
- 1494
French invasion and the Italian Wars
The French invasion of 1494 opened decades of warfare in which France and Spain fought for control of Italy, exposing the weakness of its divided states.
War & Rupture · from the Italy chronicle · The Renaissance and the City-States · Italy (country overview and history)