IndiaandSouth Africa

c. 320 BCE · 31 May 1910

Two sourced records set beside each other — the figures each nation publishes, and the events each chronicle records of the other. Compared, never graded.

India

c. 320 BCE — Chandragupta Maurya founds the Maurya Empire

Dossier →Chronicle →

South Africa

31 May 1910 — Four colonies join to create the Union of South Africa

Dossier →Chronicle →

Shared indicators
45
Domains
9
Crossed events
1
Data through
2026-08-14

The figures, side by side

Each figure is the same observation, with the same source, as on the two dossiers. Every value shows the year it was observed — vintages differ by indicator and nation. A “—” is an absence in the source data, never a zero. Metric names link to the world ranking; values open the figure on its own dossier.

Economy

INDZAF
  • GDP
    $3.96 T2025$427 B2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • GDP per capita
    $2,7022025$6,5982025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • GDP growth
    7.6%20251.1%2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • Inflation
    2.4%20253.2%2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • Trade openness
    46.3%202560.9%2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded

Society

INDZAF
  • Population
    1.46 bn202565 m2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • Life expectancy
    72.2 yrs202466.3 yrs2024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Urban population
    35.7%202563.8%2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • Fertility rate
    2.020242.22024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded

Governance

INDZAF

Health

INDZAF
  • Health spending
    3.3%20238.9%2023
    Observed 2023 / 2023 · figures compared, never graded
  • Physicians
    0.7220200.792022
    Observed 2020 / 2022 · figures compared, never graded
  • Under-5 mortality
    26.6202435.12024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Measles immunisation
    97.0%202476.0%2024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Safe drinking water
    76.4%202468.0%2024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded

Education

INDZAF

Technology

INDZAF
  • R&D spending
    0.6%20200.6%2022
    Observed 2020 / 2022 · figures compared, never graded
  • Researchers (per million)
    25920204442022
    Observed 2020 / 2022 · figures compared, never graded
  • Internet users
    70.0%202578.4%2024
    Observed 2025 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Mobile subscriptions
    7920241792024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • High-tech exports
    18.6%20245.7%2024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded

Geography

INDZAF

Resources

INDZAF
  • Resource rents
    3.2%20217.3%2021
    Observed 2021 / 2021 · figures compared, never graded
  • Oil rents
    0.3%20210.4%2021
    Observed 2021 / 2021 · figures compared, never graded
  • Mineral rents
    1.3%20213.8%2021
    Observed 2021 / 2021 · figures compared, never graded
  • Forest rents
    0.2%20210.6%2021
    Observed 2021 / 2021 · figures compared, never graded
  • Electricity access
    99.9%202490.2%2024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Copper (mined)
    23.0 kt2025—
    Observed 2025 / — · figures compared, never graded
  • Iron ore
    310 Mt202566 Mt2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • Rare earths
    2,900 t2025—
    Observed 2025 / — · figures compared, never graded
  • Bauxite
    25 Mt2025—
    Observed 2025 / — · figures compared, never graded
  • Zinc (mined)
    870 kt2025—
    Observed 2025 / — · figures compared, never graded
  • Phosphate rock
    1.5 Mt20252.2 Mt2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • Gold (mined)
    —90 t2025
    Observed — / 2025 · figures compared, never graded

Military

INDZAF
  • Military burden
    2.3%20240.7%2024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Defense spending
    $86 B2024$2.8 B2024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Armed forces
    3.1 m202089,0002020
    Observed 2020 / 2020 · figures compared, never graded

Entangled histories

One event in which either nation’s sourced chronicle names the other — including under earlier names of the same state. Each is the same record, with the same sources, as on its own chronicle; nothing here was written for this page.

  1. from 1658

    Slavery at the Cape

    The Company began importing enslaved people from Madagascar, East Africa, India and the Indonesian archipelago, founding a slave society whose labour underpinned the colony for nearly two centuries.

    Peoples & Migration · from the South Africa chronicle · The Dutch Cape Colony and the frontier · REFS 2 — History of slavery and early colonisation in South Africa, South Africa (country, history and government)