- Africa
The great famine
Drought, civil war and Derg policies cause a famine that kills several hundred thousand to more than a million people; rights groups attribute much of the toll to government counter-insurgency tactics rather than drought alone.
Era: Haile Selassie, the Derg, Civil War and Modern Ethiopia
Sources: 1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia · Wikipedia, Ethiopia (country overview) · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Africa
An estimated two million dead
Over more than two decades the war kills around two million people through combat, famine and disease and uproots millions, among the deadliest conflicts of its time.
Era: Marginalisation and Two Civil Wars
Sources: South Sudan: The 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement, Conflict, Independence · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Ten Years Later: Taking Stock of Sudan's Comprehensive Peace Agreement · Council on Foreign Relations
- Europe
The Chernobyl disaster
The reactor explosion at Chernobyl in Ukraine sent about 70 percent of its radioactive fallout onto Belarus, contaminating nearly a quarter of the country's territory and affecting some 2.2 million people.
Era: Chernobyl, Independence and the Lukashenka Era
Sources: Fallout from Chernobyl disaster still a 'very important challenge' for Belarus · UN News, Belarus · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Europe
Chernobyl disaster
An explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear plant in northern Ukraine caused the worst nuclear accident in history, exposing Soviet failings and fuelling Ukrainian discontent in the final Soviet years.
Era: Soviet Ukraine, the Holodomor and the Second World War
Sources: History of Ukraine · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Asia
Spitak earthquake
A catastrophic earthquake struck northern Armenia around Spitak and Gyumri, killing tens of thousands and leaving hundreds of thousands homeless in the final Soviet years.
Era: Soviet Armenia
Sources: Armenia — Caucasus, Soviet Union, Genocide (Modern Armenia) · Encyclopædia Britannica
- Africa
Ntega and Marangara killings
Ethnic violence in the northern communes of Ntega and Marangara kills thousands, pressuring Buyoya to begin national reconciliation and democratisation.
Era: The Ikiza: The 1972 Mass Killing
Sources: History of Burundi · Wikipedia, Burundi: History · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Africa
Mass killing of Isaaq civilians (Isaaq genocide)
Human-rights investigators documented the systematic killing of Isaaq civilians; a 2001 UN inquiry found the crime of genocide had been perpetrated by the government between 1987 and 1989. Death-toll estimates vary widely and are cited with caution.
Era: Grievance, the SNM and the Killings of the Late 1980s
Sources: Isaaq genocide · Wikipedia, Investigating genocide in Somaliland · Al Jazeera
Catastrophe in the 1980s
Every event in the Terralore archive tagged catastrophe — plague, famine, earthquake and other disasters, narrowed to the 1980s — 7 of them, drawn from 7 nations, running from 1983 to 1988. Each entry keeps the sources it was verified against and links back to the chronicle it came from.
- Events
- 7
- Nations
- 7
- Earliest
- 1983
- Latest
- 1988
- Africa
- 4
- Europe
- 2
- Asia
- 1
Every entry below is the same record, with the same sources, as the one on its nation’s chronicle.