- North America
Norse arrival at L'Anse aux Meadows
Norse explorers established a short-lived base at L'Anse aux Meadows on the northern tip of Newfoundland around the year 1000 — the first known European presence in the Americas, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Era: Indigenous peoples and First Nations before contact
Sources: L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site · UNESCO World Heritage Centre, L'Anse aux Meadows · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Africa
Settlement of the Mandinka, Wolof, Fula and Serer
The ancestors of the region's principal peoples — Mandinka, Wolof, Fula and Serer — settled the river valley and savanna through migration and the spread of farming, herding and trade, predating the river kingdoms.
Era: Stone circles and the peoples of the river
Sources: The Gambia (country overview and history) · Encyclopaedia Britannica, The Gambia · Encyclopaedia Africana
- North America
Leif Erikson sails to Vinland
Erik's son Leif Erikson voyaged west from Greenland to North America, reaching the land the sagas called Vinland and becoming the first European known to have set foot on the American continent.
Era: Erik the Red and the Norse Colony
Sources: Erik the Red, Norse explorer · Encyclopædia Britannica
- Africa
Sotho-Tswana settlement
Bantu-speaking Sotho-Tswana farmers and herders settle the region, bringing cattle, cultivation and iron-working alongside earlier San and Khoekhoe peoples.
Era: Hunters, Painters and Farmers
Sources: History of Lesotho · Wikipedia, Rock art in southern Africa · British Museum, African Rock Art
- Africa
Break-up of the Sanhaja confederation
The confederation of veiled Sanhaja Berbers controlling the western Saharan trade routes fragments, producing warfare and unrest among the desert tribes.
Era: The Ghana Empire and the Sanhaja Sahara
Sources: History of Mauritania · Wikipedia, Almoravids (Berber confederation) · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Africa
Known to Arab and Malay sailors
Mariners crossing the Indian Ocean are thought to have known the uninhabited island, reputedly recorded on Arab maps as 'Dina Arobi'.
Era: The Empty Island & Its First Visitors
Sources: Mauritius · Encyclopædia Britannica, Mauritius · Wikipedia, Explore Mauritius — Republic of Mauritius · Government of Mauritius
- North America
Taíno settle Borikén
Arawak-speaking peoples develop the Taíno culture on the island they call Borikén, living in cacique-led villages and farming cassava and other tropical crops.
Era: Borikén of the Taíno and Columbus's Arrival
Sources: Puerto Rico: History · Encyclopædia Britannica
- North America
Arawak and Carib peoples established
By the time of European contact the islands were home to Arawakan-speaking groups such as the Nepoya and Suppoya and Cariban speakers such as the Yao, peoples whose roots lay in the Orinoco region.
Era: The first peoples
Sources: Trinidad and Tobago · Encyclopaedia Britannica, T&T History Timeline · National Trust of Trinidad and Tobago
- Africa
The Tonga of the Zambezi
On the southern plateau the Tonga and related Ila peoples established dispersed farming communities along the middle Zambezi, organised by lineage rather than centralised kingship.
Era: Iron Age farmers and the Bantu migrations
Sources: History of Zambia · Wikipedia, History of Zambia · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Africa
- Asia
Seljuk invasions and Turkic settlement
The Seljuk Turks invaded the Caucasus, changing the population and establishing the dominance of Oghuz Turkic, the basis of the modern Azerbaijani language.
Era: Islam, the Seljuks and the Shirvanshahs' Baku
Sources: Baku: location, history and economy · Encyclopædia Britannica
- Europe
Conventional close of the Viking Age
The era of large-scale Scandinavian raiding is conventionally closed in 1066, by which time Norway was a Christianising kingdom rather than a society of independent sea-kings.
Era: The Viking Age and the Unification of Norway
Sources: Norway: The Treaty of Kiel · Encyclopaedia Britannica
Peoples & MigrationThe 11th century
Peoples & Migration in the 11th century
Every event in the Terralore archive tagged peoples and migration — settlement, movement and displacement, narrowed to the 11th century — 12 of them, drawn from 12 nations, running from 1000 to 1066. Each entry keeps the sources it was verified against and links back to the chronicle it came from.
- Events
- 12
- Nations
- 12
- Earliest
- 1000
- Latest
- 1066
- Africa
- 6
- North America
- 4
- Asia
- 1
- Europe
- 1
Every entry below is the same record, with the same sources, as the one on its nation’s chronicle.