Peoples & MigrationThe 1860s

Peoples & Migration in the 1860s

Every event in the Terralore archive tagged peoples and migration — settlement, movement and displacement, narrowed to the 1860s — 5 of them, drawn from 5 nations, running from 1860 to 1869. Each entry keeps the sources it was verified against and links back to the chronicle it came from.

Events
5
Nations
5
Earliest
1860
Latest
1869
Africa
2
Oceania
2
South America
1

Every entry below is the same record, with the same sources, as the one on its nation’s chronicle.

  1. — South America:

    Uruguay

    Cattle economy and immigration

    Booming exports of hides, beef and wool, British-built railways, and waves of Italian and Spanish immigrants remake Montevideo and the countryside.

    Era: Blancos, Colorados, and the Guerra Grande

    Sources: Uruguay · Encyclopaedia Britannica

  2. — Africa:

    Seychelles

    Liberated Africans resettled

    The Royal Navy landed thousands of Africans rescued from intercepted slave dhows, deepening the islands' Creole society.

    Era: British Rule and Emancipation

    Sources: History of Slavery · Seychelles National Museum, Seychelles at 250: Liberated slaves and the birth of the Creole identity · Seychelles News Agency

  3. — Oceania:

    Solomon Islands

    The blackbirding labour trade

    Recruiters carry tens of thousands of Solomon Islanders, many coerced, to plantations in Queensland and Fiji, bringing disease and depopulation.

    Era: Blackbirding, Missions and the Protectorate

    Sources: Blackbirding · Encyclopædia Britannica, History of Solomon Islands · Encyclopædia Britannica

  4. — Oceania:

    Vanuatu

    The blackbirding labour trade

    Recruiters carried over forty thousand islanders to Queensland and others to Fiji and New Caledonia for plantation labour, by indenture, deception and force.

    Era: Sandalwood, Blackbirding and Missions

    Sources: Slaving in Australian Courts: Blackbirding Cases · Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute (Journal of South Pacific Law), An Archaeology of Early Christianity in Vanuatu (Ch. 2: contact, labour and missions) · ANU Press

  5. — Africa:

    DR Congo

    Tippu Tip's eastern slaving state

    Swahili-Arab trader Tippu Tip builds a domain around Kasongo in Maniema, raiding the eastern Congo for ivory and slaves.

    Era: The Slave Trades & the Scramble

    Sources: Tippu Tib, African slave trader and explorer · Encyclopædia Britannica, Tippu Tip · Wikipedia