Peoples & MigrationThe 1860s

Peoples & Migration in the 1860s

Every event in the Terralore archive tagged peoples and migration — settlement, movement and displacement, narrowed to the 1860s — 5 of them, drawn from 5 nations, running from 1860 to 1869. Each entry keeps the sources it was verified against and links back to the chronicle it came from.

Events
5
Nations
5
Earliest
1860
Latest
1869
Africa
2
Oceania
2
South America
1

Every entry below is the same record, with the same sources, as the one on its nation’s chronicle.

  1. South America

    Uruguay

    Cattle economy and immigration

    Booming exports of hides, beef and wool, British-built railways, and waves of Italian and Spanish immigrants remake Montevideo and the countryside.

    Era: Blancos, Colorados, and the Guerra Grande

    Sources: Uruguay · Encyclopaedia Britannica

  2. Africa

    Seychelles

    Liberated Africans resettled

    The Royal Navy landed thousands of Africans rescued from intercepted slave dhows, deepening the islands' Creole society.

    Era: British Rule and Emancipation

    Sources: History of Slavery · Seychelles National Museum, Seychelles at 250: Liberated slaves and the birth of the Creole identity · Seychelles News Agency

  3. Oceania

    Solomon Islands

    The blackbirding labour trade

    Recruiters carry tens of thousands of Solomon Islanders, many coerced, to plantations in Queensland and Fiji, bringing disease and depopulation.

    Era: Blackbirding, Missions and the Protectorate

    Sources: Blackbirding · Encyclopædia Britannica, History of Solomon Islands · Encyclopædia Britannica

  4. Oceania

    Vanuatu

    The blackbirding labour trade

    Recruiters carried over forty thousand islanders to Queensland and others to Fiji and New Caledonia for plantation labour, by indenture, deception and force.

    Era: Sandalwood, Blackbirding and Missions

    Sources: Slaving in Australian Courts: Blackbirding Cases · Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute (Journal of South Pacific Law), An Archaeology of Early Christianity in Vanuatu (Ch. 2: contact, labour and missions) · ANU Press

  5. Africa

    DR Congo

    Tippu Tip's eastern slaving state

    Swahili-Arab trader Tippu Tip builds a domain around Kasongo in Maniema, raiding the eastern Congo for ivory and slaves.

    Era: The Slave Trades & the Scramble

    Sources: Tippu Tib, African slave trader and explorer · Encyclopædia Britannica, Tippu Tip · Wikipedia