Side by side
Finland and Sweden compared
Two sourced records set beside each other — the figures each nation publishes, and the events each chronicle records of the other. Compared, never graded.
6 December 1917 — Finland declares independence from the Russian Empire
6 June 1523 — Gustav Vasa is elected king and Sweden leaves the Kalmar Union
- Shared indicators
- 42
- Domains
- 9
- Crossed events
- 10
- Data through
- 2026-08-10
The figures, side by side
Each figure is the same observation, with the same source, as on the two dossiers. Every value shows the year it was observed — vintages differ by indicator and nation. A “—” is an absence in the source data, never a zero. Metric names link to the world ranking; values open the figure on its own dossier.
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Entangled histories
10 events in which either nation’s sourced chronicle names the other — including under earlier names of the same state. Each is the same record, with the same sources, as on its own chronicle; nothing here was written for this page.
- 13th century
Turku and the Christianization of Finland
Carried by the Swedish crusades, Latin Christianity spread through Finland; Turku (Abo), founded in the thirteenth century, became the principal town and episcopal seat of the eastern realm.
Religion · from the Finland chronicle · The Finnic Peoples and Six Centuries as Part of Sweden · Finland: Finland under Swedish rule, Main outlines of Finnish history
- 1323
Treaty of Noteborg
The peace of Noteborg fixed an approximate frontier between the Swedish and Russian spheres in Karelia, assigning Finland to Sweden's orbit and splitting the Karelians between Catholic west and Orthodox east.
Politics & Power · from the Finland chronicle · The Finnic Peoples and Six Centuries as Part of Sweden · Main outlines of Finnish history, Finland: Finland under Swedish rule
- 30 Aug 1721
Treaty of Nystad ends the empire
The peace ending the Great Northern War ceded Sweden's Baltic provinces — Estonia, Livonia, Ingria and part of Karelia — to Russia, ending the age of greatness, though Finland was restored to Sweden.
Politics & Power · from the Sweden chronicle · Stormaktstiden: The Swedish Empire and Its Fall · Treaty of Nystad (1721), Battle of Poltava
- 1808–1809
The Finnish War and the end of Swedish rule
Russia conquered Finland from Sweden in the war of 1808-09, ending some six centuries during which Finland had formed the eastern half of the Kingdom of Sweden.
War & Rupture · from the Finland chronicle · The Finnic Peoples and Six Centuries as Part of Sweden · Finland: Finland under Swedish rule, History of Finland
- 1809
Finland becomes an autonomous Grand Duchy
By the Treaty of Fredrikshamn Sweden ceded Finland to Russia; it became the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, joined to the empire through the tsar, who reigned as Grand Duke, and kept its own laws and religion.
Politics & Power · from the Finland chronicle · The Grand Duchy of Finland under the Russian Empire · History of Finland, History of Finland
- 17 Sep 1809
Treaty of Fredrikshamn: the loss of Finland
Ending the Finnish War, the Treaty of Fredrikshamn (Hamina) ceded the whole of Finland and the Åland Islands to Russia, stripping Sweden of about a third of its territory and people.
War & Rupture · from the Sweden chronicle · Loss of Finland, Union with Norway and the Birth of Neutrality · Treaty of Hamina (Fredrikshamn, 1809), Sweden: History
- 1920
Aland Autonomy Act
Finland granted the Swedish-speaking Aland Islands wide-ranging cultural and political autonomy, anticipating the conditions the League of Nations would attach to its sovereignty the following year.
Politics & Power · from the Finland chronicle · The Aland Islands Dispute and the Interwar Republic · The special status of the Aland Islands, The Aland example: Autonomy protects a minority
- 24 Jun 1921
League of Nations awards Aland to Finland
The Council of the League of Nations awarded sovereignty over the Aland Islands to Finland, while obliging it to guarantee the islanders' Swedish language, culture and self-government, a landmark of peaceful conflict resolution.
Politics & Power · from the Finland chronicle · The Aland Islands Dispute and the Interwar Republic · The special status of the Aland Islands, The Aland example: Autonomy protects a minority, The Aland Islands Solution: a precedent for successful international disputes settlement
- 1 Jan 1995
Finland joins the European Union
After a 1994 referendum in which about 57 per cent voted yes, Finland joined the European Union on 1 January 1995 with Sweden and Austria, and later adopted the euro.
Politics & Power · from the Finland chronicle · Neutrality, the European Union and NATO · Main outlines of Finnish history, History of Finland
- May 2022
Finland applies to join NATO
Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 reversed Finnish opinion on military alignment; together with Sweden, Finland applied to join NATO, abandoning its long-standing non-alignment.
Politics & Power · from the Finland chronicle · Neutrality, the European Union and NATO · Finland joins NATO as 31st Ally, History of Finland