Side by side
Mali and Niger compared
Two sourced records set beside each other — the figures each nation publishes, and the events each chronicle records of the other. Compared, never graded.
- Shared indicators
- 41
- Domains
- 9
- Crossed events
- 6
- Data through
- 2026-08-10
The figures, side by side
Each figure is the same observation, with the same source, as on the two dossiers. Every value shows the year it was observed — vintages differ by indicator and nation. A “—” is an absence in the source data, never a zero. Metric names link to the world ranking; values open the figure on its own dossier.
Economy
Society
Governance
Health
Education
Technology
Geography
Resources
Entangled histories
6 events in which either nation’s sourced chronicle names the other — including under earlier names of the same state. Each is the same record, with the same sources, as on its own chronicle; nothing here was written for this page.
- 14th century
Timbuktu and Djenné flourish
Under Mali's mansas the Niger cities grow into major centres of trans-Saharan trade and Islamic scholarship, attracting merchants and scholars.
Culture & Ideas · from the Mali chronicle · The Mali Empire · Timbuktu — World Heritage Centre, The Mali Empire
- 1468
Sonni Ali takes Timbuktu
Sonni Ali captures Timbuktu, and in 1473 Djenné, bringing the Niger trade cities under Songhai control and laying the foundation of the empire.
War & Rupture · from the Mali chronicle · The Songhai Empire and Its Fall · The Songhai Empire (HIST103), Sonni Ali
- April 1591
Battle of Tondibi ends the Songhai Empire
Moroccan forces under Judar Pasha, armed with firearms, rout the Songhai army at Tondibi near Gao, collapsing the last of the great Niger empires.
War & Rupture · from the Mali chronicle · The Songhai Empire and Its Fall · Fall of the Songhai Empire, Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire
- c. 1712
Bitòn Coulibaly consolidates the Bambara kingdom of Segou
Mamari (Bitòn) Coulibaly transforms a youth society into an army, founding the centralised Bambara state of Segou on the middle Niger.
Formation · from the Mali chronicle · Segou, the Tukulor and Samori · Bamana Empire, Bamana (Ségou) Empire
- 1861
Umar Tal's Tukulor empire conquers Segou
Al-Hajj Umar Tal, leading the Tijaniyya jihad begun in the 1850s, overthrows the Bambara kingdom of Segou and extends the Tukulor empire across the upper Niger.
Religion · from the Mali chronicle · Segou, the Tukulor and Samori · ʿUmar Tal — West African Tukulor Leader & Jihadist, Bamana (Ségou) Empire
- early 20th century
Colony of French Soudan
The conquered upper Niger is administered as French Soudan within French West Africa, its economy reoriented toward the colonial metropole.
Colonisation · from the Mali chronicle · French Soudan and Independence · Modibo Keita — 1st President of Mali, Mali Federation