MaliandSenegal

c. 1235 · 20 August 1960

Two sourced records set beside each other — the figures each nation publishes, and the events each chronicle records of the other. Compared, never graded.

Mali

c. 1235 — Sundiata Keita founds the Mali Empire on the upper Niger

Dossier →Chronicle →

Senegal

20 August 1960 — Senegal withdraws from the Federation of Mali and declares independence

Dossier →Chronicle →

Shared indicators
42
Domains
9
Crossed events
4
Data through
2026-08-22

The figures, side by side

Each figure is the same observation, with the same source, as on the two dossiers. Every value shows the year it was observed — vintages differ by indicator and nation. A “—” is an absence in the source data, never a zero. Metric names link to the world ranking; values open the figure on its own dossier.

Economy

MLISEN
  • GDP
    $30 B2025$37 B2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • GDP per capita
    $1,1932025$1,9552025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • GDP growth
    5.6%20256.7%2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • Inflation
    3.3%20251.5%2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • Trade openness
    48.8%202571.1%2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded

Society

MLISEN
  • Population
    25 m202519 m2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • Life expectancy
    60.7 yrs202468.9 yrs2024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Urban population
    32.2%202555.8%2025
    Observed 2025 / 2025 · figures compared, never graded
  • Fertility rate
    5.520243.82024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded

Governance

MLISEN

Health

MLISEN
  • Health spending
    3.8%20234.3%2023
    Observed 2023 / 2023 · figures compared, never graded
  • Physicians
    0.1920230.112023
    Observed 2023 / 2023 · figures compared, never graded
  • Under-5 mortality
    73.0202436.52024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Measles immunisation
    72.0%202487.0%2024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Safe drinking water
    —27.2%2024
    Observed — / 2024 · figures compared, never graded

Education

MLISEN
  • Adult literacy
    35.6%202450.4%2023
    Observed 2024 / 2023 · figures compared, never graded
  • Education spending
    4.2%20236.2%2023
    Observed 2023 / 2023 · figures compared, never graded
  • Primary enrolment
    72.8%202385.3%2024
    Observed 2023 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Secondary enrolment
    38.9%202344.1%2023
    Observed 2023 / 2023 · figures compared, never graded
  • Tertiary enrolment
    5.1%201515.3%2024
    Observed 2015 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded

Technology

MLISEN
  • R&D spending
    0.1%20230.6%2015
    Observed 2023 / 2015 · figures compared, never graded
  • Researchers (per million)
    2620235722015
    Observed 2023 / 2015 · figures compared, never graded
  • Internet users
    36.8%202460.1%2024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Mobile subscriptions
    11220221242024
    Observed 2022 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • High-tech exports
    5.4%20233.0%2024
    Observed 2023 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded

Geography

MLISEN
  • Land area
    1,220,190 km²2023192,530 km²2023
    Observed 2023 / 2023 · figures compared, never graded
  • Forest area
    10.9%202341.3%2023
    Observed 2023 / 2023 · figures compared, never graded
  • Agricultural land
    35.5%202349.4%2023
    Observed 2023 / 2023 · figures compared, never graded
  • CO₂ per capita (t)
    0.320240.82024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Renewable energy
    71.1%202235.4%2021
    Observed 2022 / 2021 · figures compared, never graded

Resources

MLISEN
  • Resource rents
    18.4%20214.4%2021
    Observed 2021 / 2021 · figures compared, never graded
  • Oil rents
    0.0%20210.0%2021
    Observed 2021 / 2021 · figures compared, never graded
  • Mineral rents
    16.2%20212.9%2021
    Observed 2021 / 2021 · figures compared, never graded
  • Forest rents
    2.2%20211.5%2021
    Observed 2021 / 2021 · figures compared, never graded
  • Electricity access
    49.5%202482.9%2024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Lithium (mined)
    9,400 t2025—
    Observed 2025 / — · figures compared, never graded
  • Phosphate rock
    —2.8 Mt2025
    Observed — / 2025 · figures compared, never graded

Military

MLISEN
  • Military burden
    4.2%20241.6%2024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Defense spending
    $929 M2024$515 M2024
    Observed 2024 / 2024 · figures compared, never graded
  • Armed forces
    41,000202019,0002020
    Observed 2020 / 2020 · figures compared, never graded

Entangled histories

4 events in which either nation’s sourced chronicle names the other — including under earlier names of the same state. Each is the same record, with the same sources, as on its own chronicle; nothing here was written for this page.

  1. c. 1286

    Takrur drawn into Mali's orbit

    Political fragmentation and the rise of the Mali Empire bring Takrur under outside dynasties, ending its independent prominence.

    Politics & Power · from the Senegal chronicle · Takrur and the Coming of Islam · REFS 1 — Takrur

  2. 1959

    Mali Federation formed

    Senegal and the Sudanese Republic unite in the Mali Federation, seeking a federal path out of French rule.

    Politics & Power · from the Senegal chronicle · Independence and the Senghor Republic · REFS 2 — Mali Federation, Mali Federation

  3. January 1959

    The Mali Federation with Senegal

    French Soudan and Senegal join in the short-lived Mali Federation, with Modibo Keïta as a leading figure; it dissolves in August 1960.

    Politics & Power · from the Mali chronicle · French Soudan and Independence · REFS 2 — Mali Federation, Modibo Keita — 1st President of Mali

  4. 4 April 1960

    Independence within the Mali Federation

    France grants the Mali Federation independence, transferring power on 4 April 1960; full independence follows on 20 June.

    Independence · from the Senegal chronicle · Independence and the Senghor Republic · REFS 2 — Mali Federation, Mali Federation