- Asia
The first revelations
According to Islamic tradition Muhammad, at about forty, began receiving revelations through the angel Gabriel, proclaiming a strict monotheism that would form the Quran.
Era: The Birth of Islam: Muhammad, Mecca and Medina
Sources: Muhammad · Wikipedia, Hijrah: History, Definition, and Importance · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Asia
The Hijra to Medina
Facing persecution, Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to Yathrib (Medina), founding the first Muslim community; the event marks year one of the Islamic calendar.
Era: The Birth of Islam: Muhammad, Mecca and Medina
Sources: Hijrah: History, Definition, and Importance · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Muhammad · Wikipedia
- Asia
Yemen embraces Islam
Yemen adopted Islam in the 7th century, within the Prophet Muhammad's lifetime, and Sanaa became a major centre for the spread of the new faith in the 7th and 8th centuries.
Era: Islam and the Long Zaidi Imamate
Sources: Yemen: History (ancient kingdoms, Islam, the imamate, unification and war) · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Old City of Sana'a · UNESCO World Heritage Centre
- Asia
Oman accepts Islam
According to tradition, the inhabitants of Oman embraced Islam during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad, beginning the country's long Islamic history.
Era: Islam and the Ibadi Imamate
Sources: Oman: The early period · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Oman: History of Oman - The Imamates · Fanack
- Asia
The submission of Mecca
Muhammad returned to Mecca largely without bloodshed, cleansed the Kaaba of idols, and established Islam across much of the Hejaz.
Era: The Birth of Islam: Muhammad, Mecca and Medina
Sources: Muhammad · Wikipedia
- Asia
Islam reaches the lower Gulf coast
Islam spread to southeastern Arabia during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad, drawing the coastal communities into the new faith and the trade networks of the Muslim world.
Era: Islam, Julfar and the Maritime Trade
Sources: History (Discover UAE) · Embassy of the United Arab Emirates, Washington DC, History of the United Arab Emirates · UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- Asia
Death of Muhammad
By the Prophet's death much of the Arabian Peninsula had embraced Islam, leaving Mecca and Medina as the enduring holy cities of the faith.
Era: The Birth of Islam: Muhammad, Mecca and Medina
Sources: Muhammad · Wikipedia, History of Arabia: The Umayyad and Abbasid periods · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Asia
Arab conquest and the coming of Islam
Arab Muslim forces take Herat in the wake of the conquest of Persia, beginning the gradual and long-contested Islamisation of the Afghan lands.
Era: Islam, the Ghaznavids, Ghurids and Timurids
Sources: Afghanistan — The first Muslim dynasties · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Afghanistan: A Country Study · Library of Congress, Federal Research Division
- Asia
Arab conquest and the coming of Islam
Arab armies brought the eastern Caucasus under Muslim rule, introducing Islam in the seventh century and beginning some four centuries of Arab control over the region.
Era: Islam, the Seljuks and the Shirvanshahs' Baku
Sources: Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia: Country Studies (ed. Glenn E. Curtis) · Library of Congress, Federal Research Division, Baku: location, history and economy · Encyclopædia Britannica, History of Azerbaijan · Encyclopædia Britannica
- Africa
Islam reaches the Red Sea coast
Islam spreads to the coast of the Horn within the first century of the faith, carried by merchants and migrants from Arabia across the narrow strait.
Era: Ancient Trade and the Coming of Islam
Sources: Djibouti (country and history) · Encyclopaedia Britannica, History of Djibouti · Wikipedia
- Asia
Islamisation of Persia begins
With the Sasanian state destroyed, Iran is incorporated into the Islamic caliphate; over the following centuries most of its people convert to Islam while retaining the Persian language and much of their culture.
Era: The Arab Conquest and Islamic Persia — the Golden Age
Sources: Battle of Nahāvand · Encyclopaedia Britannica, The Phases, History, and Legacy of the Arab Conquests (632–750 CE) · TheCollector
- Asia
Merv under the Arab caliphate
After the fall of Sasanian Persia, Merv became a key garrison and administrative centre of the Arab caliphate in Khorasan, a base for the spread of Islam and for campaigns further into Central Asia.
Era: Merv: Silk Road City and Seljuk Capital
Sources: State Historical and Cultural Park 'Ancient Merv' · UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Turkmenistan · Encyclopædia Britannica
- Asia
Umayyad rule and the desert castles
Governing from Damascus, the Umayyad caliphs built fortified desert residences across the eastern plateau, including Quseir Amra with its celebrated frescoes of early Islamic secular art.
Era: Islam, the Caliphates and Four Centuries of Ottoman Rule
Sources: Quseir Amra · UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Jordan: History · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Africa
Founding of Kairouan
Uqba ibn Nafi establishes Kairouan with its Great Mosque, the first Arab-Muslim capital of the Maghreb.
Era: Islam, Kairouan & the Medieval Dynasties
Sources: Kairouan — World Heritage List · UNESCO World Heritage Centre, The Great Mosque of Kairouan · Smarthistory
- Europe
Christianisation of the Frisians
Missionaries such as Willibrord begin converting the Frisians, tying the delta into the Christian, Frankish world of western Europe.
Era: The Low Countries: Romans, Frisians and Medieval Counties
Sources: Netherlands · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Asia
Building of the Dome of the Rock
The Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik built the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, an early masterpiece of Islamic architecture on the Haram al-Sharif.
Era: Islamic Palestine: Conquest, Caliphates, Crusades, and Mamluks
Sources: Dome of the Rock · Encyclopaedia Britannica
Religion in the 7th century
Every event in the Terralore archive tagged religion — faiths, institutions and religious change, narrowed to the 7th century — 16 of them, drawn from 13 nations, running from 610 to 691. Each entry keeps the sources it was verified against and links back to the chronicle it came from.
- Events
- 16
- Nations
- 13
- Earliest
- 610
- Latest
- 691
- Asia
- 13
- Africa
- 2
- Europe
- 1
Every entry below is the same record, with the same sources, as the one on its nation’s chronicle.