Politics & PowerThe 10th century

Politics & Power in the 10th century

Every event in the Terralore archive tagged politics and power — dynasties, constitutions, revolutions and changes of regime, narrowed to the 10th century — 6 of them, drawn from 6 nations, running from 929 to 998. Each entry keeps the sources it was verified against and links back to the chronicle it came from.

Events
6
Nations
6
Earliest
929
Latest
998
Europe
3
Asia
2
Africa
1

Every entry below is the same record, with the same sources, as the one on its nation’s chronicle.

  1. Europe

    Spain

    Caliphate of Córdoba proclaimed

    Abd al-Rahman III declared himself caliph at Córdoba, marking the political and cultural zenith of Al-Andalus, whose capital became a leading centre of learning and the arts in Europe.

    Era: Al-Andalus and the Reconquista

    Sources: Al-Andalus · Encyclopaedia Britannica, The Art of the Umayyad Period in Spain (711–1031) · The Metropolitan Museum of Art

  2. Europe

    Iceland

    The Icelandic Commonwealth

    A stateless society of chieftains and farmers governed itself for over three centuries through the Althing and its law council, without a king or central executive.

    Era: The Settlement and the Icelandic Commonwealth

    Sources: History of Þingvellir and the Alþing · Þingvellir National Park (official), Iceland: History · Encyclopaedia Britannica

  3. Europe

    Norway

    Death of Harald Fairhair and fragmentation

    On Harald's death his realm broke apart among his sons, beginning decades of dynastic conflict, though the idea of a single Norwegian kingship endured.

    Era: The Viking Age and the Unification of Norway

    Sources: Harald 1 Hårfagre · Store norske leksikon

  4. Asia

    Saudi Arabia

    The Sharifate of Mecca takes shape

    A line of sharifs descended from the Prophet came to administer Mecca and the Hejaz, holding local authority for nearly a thousand years under shifting overlords.

    Era: The Caliphates and the Hejaz under Outside Rule

    Sources: Sharifate of Mecca · Wikipedia

  5. Africa

    Egypt

    Fatimids conquer Egypt and found Cairo

    The Fatimid general Jawhar conquers Egypt and founds al-Qahira (Cairo); the al-Azhar mosque, begun in 970, becomes a great seat of learning.

    Era: Islamic Egypt: Caliphs, Fatimids and Mamluks

    Sources: Egypt: The Ayyubid dynasty (1171–1250) · Encyclopaedia Britannica

  6. Asia

    Afghanistan

    Mahmud of Ghazni and the Ghaznavid empire

    Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni builds a vast empire from Afghanistan into Iran and India and turns his capital Ghazni into a centre of Islamic culture and learning.

    Era: Islam, the Ghaznavids, Ghurids and Timurids

    Sources: Ghaznavid dynasty · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Maḥmūd — sultan of Ghazna · Encyclopaedia Britannica