A thematic collection

Politics & Power

Every event in the Terralore archive tagged politics and power — dynasties, constitutions, revolutions and changes of regime. 1,756 of them, drawn from 184 nations, running from 3100 BCE to 2026. Indexed below by period; each period opens the full text, with the sources every entry was verified against and a link back to the chronicle it came from.

Events
1,756
Nations
184
Earliest
3100 BCE
Latest
2026
Densest period
The 1990s148 events
Europe
524
Africa
496
Asia
383
North America
165
South America
138
Oceania
50

Each period below opens a page holding those events in full — summary, era and citations. Every entry is the same record, with the same sources, as the one on its nation’s chronicle.

1 event · 1 nation

The 4th millennium BCE

Every theme in the 4th millennium BCE →

  1. c. 3100 BCE

    Memphis founded as royal capital · Egypt

All 1 events in the 4th millennium BCE →

1 event · 1 nation

The 3rd millennium BCE

Every theme in the 3rd millennium BCE →

  1. c. 2055 BCE

    Mentuhotep II reunifies Egypt · Egypt

All 1 events in the 3rd millennium BCE →

4 events · 4 nations

The 2nd millennium BCE

Every theme in the 2nd millennium BCE →

  1. early 2nd millennium BCE

    Mari and the palace of Zimri-Lim · Syria

  2. c. 1755 BCE

    Hammurabi issues his law code · Iraq

  3. 17th century BCE

    Hattusa becomes the Hittite capital · Türkiye

  4. c. 1046 BCE

    Zhou conquest and the Mandate of Heaven · China

All 4 events in the 2nd millennium BCE →

1 event · 1 nation

The 10th century BCE

Every theme in the 10th century BCE →

  1. c. 960 BCE

    Ammon regains its independence · Jordan

All 1 events in the 10th century BCE →

1 event · 1 nation

The 8th century BCE

Every theme in the 8th century BCE →

  1. 8th century BCE

    Urartu at its height · Armenia

All 1 events in the 8th century BCE →

7 events · 6 nations

The 6th century BCE

Every theme in the 6th century BCE →

  1. c. 7th–6th centuries BCE

    Etruscan ascendancy in central Italy · Italy

  2. c. 593–590 BCE

    Capital moves to Meroe · Sudan

  3. c. 547 BCE

    Fall of Lydia and Croesus · Türkiye

  4. 539 BCE

    Conquest of Babylon and the Cyrus Cylinder · Iran

  5. 539 BCE

    Persian rule under the Achaemenids · Palestine

  6. 509 BCE (traditional)

    Founding of the Roman Republic · Italy

  7. c. 508/507 BCE

    Cleisthenes founds Athenian democracy · Greece

All 7 events in the 6th century BCE →

1 event · 1 nation

The 5th century BCE

Every theme in the 5th century BCE →

  1. 1st millennium BCE onward

    Rise of Fijian chiefdoms · Fiji

All 1 events in the 5th century BCE →

4 events · 4 nations

The 4th century BCE

Every theme in the 4th century BCE →

  1. 359–336 BCE

    Reign of Philip II of Macedon · North Macedonia

  2. 327 BCE

    Alexander marries Roxana of Bactria · Uzbekistan

  3. 323 BCE

    Death of Alexander and the Hellenistic kingdoms · Greece

  4. 305 BCE

    Ptolemy I founds the Ptolemaic dynasty · Egypt

All 4 events in the 4th century BCE →

2 events · 2 nations

The 3rd century BCE

Every theme in the 3rd century BCE →

  1. c. 294–58 BCE

    Ptolemaic rule · Cyprus

  2. 206 BCE

    Han dynasty consolidates the empire · China

All 2 events in the 3rd century BCE →

1 event · 1 nation

The 2nd century BCE

Every theme in the 2nd century BCE →

  1. c. 110 BCE

    Rise of the Himyarite kingdom · Yemen

All 1 events in the 2nd century BCE →

8 events · 8 nations

The 1st century BCE

Every theme in the 1st century BCE →

  1. c. 2nd–1st century BCE

    Transition toward Aksum · Ethiopia

  2. 96 BCE

    Cyrenaica passes to Rome · Libya

  3. 95–55 BCE

    Reign of Tigranes the Great · Armenia

  4. 63 BCE

    Pompey creates the Decapolis · Jordan

  5. 58 BCE

    Rome annexes Cyprus · Cyprus

  6. 50 BCE

    Gaul becomes Roman · France

  7. c. 29 BCE

    Augustus refounds Carthage · Tunisia

  8. 27 BCE

    Augustus and the founding of the Principate · Italy

All 8 events in the 1st century BCE →

2 events · 2 nations

The 2nd century

Every theme in the 2nd century →

  1. Roman municipium · Malta

  2. Province renamed Syria Palaestina · Palestine

All 2 events in the 2nd century →

2 events · 2 nations

The 3rd century

Every theme in the 3rd century →

  1. Mesopotamia under the Sasanians · Iraq

  2. Province of Dardania · Kosovo

All 2 events in the 3rd century →

2 events · 2 nations

The 4th century

Every theme in the 4th century →

  1. 'I leave you free from both men' · San Marino

  2. Byzantine rule begins · Albania

All 2 events in the 4th century →

4 events · 4 nations

The 5th century

Every theme in the 5th century →

  1. End of Roman Britain · United Kingdom

  2. Dynasty of sixteen kings · Honduras

  3. End of the Armenian monarchy · Armenia

  4. Fall of the Western Roman Empire · Italy

All 4 events in the 5th century →

2 events · 2 nations

The 6th century

Every theme in the 6th century →

  1. Chenla supplants Funan · Cambodia

  2. Sui dynasty reunifies China · China

All 2 events in the 6th century →

7 events · 5 nations

The 7th century

Every theme in the 7th century →

  1. The Wari state · Peru

  2. Prince Shotoku's Seventeen-Article Constitution · Japan

  3. Medina as capital of the early caliphate · Saudi Arabia

  4. The Taika Reform · Japan

  5. The Baqt treaty · Sudan

  6. Umayyad and Abbasid rule over the Hejaz · Saudi Arabia

  7. Damascus, capital of the Umayyad Caliphate · Syria

All 7 events in the 7th century →

8 events · 7 nations

The 8th century

Every theme in the 8th century →

  1. Fragmentation of Chenla · Cambodia

  2. Decline of Aksum and Adulis · Eritrea

  3. Decline of Aksum · Ethiopia

  4. Capital established at Nara · Japan

  5. Uyghur khaganate in the Orkhon valley · Mongolia

  6. Carantania under Frankish overlordship · Slovenia

  7. Abbasid Revolution and the rise of Baghdad · Iran

  8. Capital moved to Heian-kyo (Kyoto) · Japan

All 8 events in the 8th century →

10 events · 9 nations

The 9th century

Every theme in the 9th century →

  1. Charlemagne crowned Emperor · France

  2. Coronation of Charlemagne · Germany

  3. Charlemagne crowned emperor in Rome · Italy

  4. Aghlabid dynasty · Tunisia

  5. Treaty of Verdun · Germany

  6. Byzantine and Bulgarian borderland · Kosovo

  7. Reign of Svatopluk I · Slovakia

  8. The Placito Feretrano · San Marino

All 10 events in the 9th century →2 more not shown here

6 events · 6 nations

The 10th century

Every theme in the 10th century →

  1. Caliphate of Córdoba proclaimed · Spain

  2. The Icelandic Commonwealth · Iceland

  3. Death of Harald Fairhair and fragmentation · Norway

  4. The Sharifate of Mecca takes shape · Saudi Arabia

  5. Fatimids conquer Egypt and found Cairo · Egypt

  6. Mahmud of Ghazni and the Ghaznavid empire · Afghanistan

All 6 events in the 10th century →

14 events · 14 nations

The 11th century

Every theme in the 11th century →

  1. Quitu, Cara and Cañari chiefdoms · Ecuador

  2. Incorporation into the Kingdom of Hungary · Slovakia

  3. Brian Boru becomes High King · Ireland

  4. Founding of the Ly dynasty · Vietnam

  5. Hammadid dynasty and Beni Hammad · Algeria

  6. Polonnaruwa becomes the capital · Sri Lanka

  7. Yaroslav the Wise and the Russkaya Pravda · Russia

  8. Reign of Yaroslav the Wise · Ukraine

All 14 events in the 11th century →6 more not shown here

16 events · 15 nations

The 12th century

Every theme in the 12th century →

  1. The Shirvanshahs make Baku their capital · Azerbaijan

  2. Personal union with Hungary · Croatia

  3. Merv as Seljuk capital under Sultan Sanjar · Turkmenistan

  4. Tbilisi recovered and made capital · Georgia

  5. Battle of Sao Mamede · Portugal

  6. Lordship of the Bishop of Urgell · Andorra

  7. Zagwe dynasty established · Ethiopia

  8. Testament of Boleslaw III and fragmentation · Poland

All 16 events in the 12th century →8 more not shown here

37 events · 29 nations

The 13th century

Every theme in the 13th century →

  1. The Aymara lordships · Bolivia

  2. Malla dynasty rules the valley · Nepal

  3. Founding of the Delhi Sultanate · India

  4. The army organised in tens, hundreds, thousands and ten-thousands · Mongolia

  5. Rise of the Delhi Sultanate · Pakistan

  6. Zenith under Dunama Dibalemi · Chad

  7. Golden Bull of Sicily and the Kingdom of Bohemia · Czechia

  8. Magna Carta sealed at Runnymede · United Kingdom

All 37 events in the 13th century →29 more not shown here

37 events · 27 nations

The 14th century

Every theme in the 14th century →

  1. Mandinka kingdoms of the river · Gambia

  2. The Ajuran Sultanate · Somalia

  3. End of the Premyslid dynasty · Czechia

  4. Henry of Luxembourg elected King of the Romans · Luxembourg

  5. John the Blind becomes King of Bohemia · Luxembourg

  6. Reign of Gediminas and the Gediminid dynasty · Lithuania

  7. Decline of Makuria · Sudan

  8. Stjepan Kotromanić expands Bosnia · Bosnia and Herzegovina

All 37 events in the 14th century →29 more not shown here

28 events · 26 nations

The 15th century

Every theme in the 15th century →

  1. Kaabu becomes an independent federation · Guinea-Bissau

  2. Shift from Kanem to Bornu · Nigeria

  3. The Serbian Despotate · Serbia

  4. Rise of the Adal Sultanate · Somaliland

  5. Founding of the Consell de la Terra · Andorra

  6. Venice secures Dalmatia · Croatia

  7. The Triple Alliance · Mexico

  8. Medici ascendancy in Florence · Italy

All 28 events in the 15th century →20 more not shown here

42 events · 36 nations

The 16th century

Every theme in the 16th century →

  1. The Teke (Anziku) kingdom inland · Congo

  2. The three jüz take shape · Kazakhstan

  3. Reign of Moctezuma II · Mexico

  4. Ottoman conquest of Syria · Lebanon

  5. Ottoman conquest · Palestine

  6. Ottoman suzerainty over the Hejaz · Saudi Arabia

  7. Ottomans claim Yemen · Yemen

  8. Ottoman suzerainty established · Algeria

All 42 events in the 16th century →34 more not shown here

38 events · 31 nations

The 17th century

Every theme in the 17th century →

  1. The frontier Captaincy General · Chile

  2. Promulgation of the Leges Statutae · San Marino

  3. Reign of the paramount chief Roi Mata · Vanuatu

  4. Tokugawa shogunate founded · Japan

  5. Union of the Crowns · United Kingdom

  6. The French crown becomes co-prince · Andorra

  7. The House of Liechtenstein raised to princely rank · Liechtenstein

  8. Honoré II takes the title of Prince · Monaco

All 38 events in the 17th century →30 more not shown here

61 events · 53 nations

The 18th century

Every theme in the 18th century →

  1. Yatenga becomes independent of Ouagadougou · Burkina Faso

  2. Zande and Bandia kingdoms expand · Central African Republic

  3. Local Afar and Issa polities · Djibouti

  4. Dispersed Sotho chiefdoms · Lesotho

  5. Decline of the confederacy · Malawi

  6. A centralised Tutsi-led state · Rwanda

  7. Death of Charles II and end of the Spanish Habsburgs · Spain

  8. The Casa de la Vall · Andorra

All 61 events in the 18th century →53 more not shown here

19 events · 19 nations

The 1800s

Every theme in the 1800s →

  1. Majeerteen and Hobyo sultanates · Somalia

  2. Act of Union · Ireland

  3. Napoleon's Act of Mediation · Switzerland

  4. Louisiana Purchase · United States

  5. Napoleon crowned Emperor · France

  6. The name Vietnam adopted · Vietnam

  7. Muhammad Ali takes power · Egypt

  8. Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire · Austria

All 19 events in the 1800s →11 more not shown here

22 events · 18 nations

The 1810s

Every theme in the 1810s →

  1. Bernadotte chosen as heir · Sweden

  2. First cry of independence · El Salvador

  3. Christophe crowned King Henry I · Haiti

  4. Belgrano raises the flag · Argentina

  5. Helsinki made the capital · Finland

  6. Constitution of Cádiz · Spain

  7. The Treaty of Kiel · Norway

  8. The Constitution of Eidsvoll · Norway

All 22 events in the 1810s →14 more not shown here

20 events · 16 nations

The 1820s

Every theme in the 1820s →

  1. Collapse of central authority · Argentina

  2. Buenos Aires proclaims sovereignty · Falkland Islands

  3. The General Treaty of Peace · United Arab Emirates

  4. Reign of Minh Mang · Vietnam

  5. Congress of Cucuta · Colombia

  6. Boyer unifies Hispaniola · Haiti

  7. Haitian unification of the island · Dominican Republic

  8. Union with Gran Colombia · Ecuador

All 20 events in the 1820s →12 more not shown here

26 events · 24 nations

The 1830s

Every theme in the 1830s →

  1. Dar al-Kuti founded under Wadai · Central African Republic

  2. Breakup of Gran Colombia · Colombia

  3. Morazán leads the federation · Honduras

  4. First constitution sworn · Uruguay

  5. The Constitution of 1833 · Chile

  6. Treaty of Amity and Commerce with the United States · Oman

  7. One administration for the whole island · Sri Lanka

  8. Slavery Abolition Act · United Kingdom

All 26 events in the 1830s →18 more not shown here

26 events · 24 nations

The 1840s

Every theme in the 1840s →

  1. Reign of Pedro II begins · Brazil

  2. Reign of Mswati II begins · Eswatini

  3. Fall of Bashir Shihab II · Lebanon

  4. Said bin Sultan moves his capital to Zanzibar · Tanzania

  5. First British lieutenant governor · Falkland Islands

  6. A prince visits at last · Liechtenstein

  7. The Althing restored · Iceland

  8. Geledi at the height of its power · Somalia

All 26 events in the 1840s →18 more not shown here

13 events · 13 nations

The 1850s

Every theme in the 1850s →

  1. Decline as the slave trade is suppressed · Congo

  2. Diplomatic relations established · Costa Rica

  3. Bornu's enduring influence · Niger

  4. Penal colonies in French Guiana · France

  5. Montenegro becomes a secular principality · Montenegro

  6. The National Constitution · Argentina

  7. The Perpetual Maritime Truce · United Arab Emirates

  8. Eureka Stockade · Australia

All 13 events in the 1850s →5 more not shown here

43 events · 38 nations

The 1860s

Every theme in the 1860s →

  1. Treaty of Managua · Nicaragua

  2. The Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate · Lebanon

  3. Cession of Menton and Roquebrune · Monaco

  4. Zanzibar separated from Oman · Oman

  5. Emancipation of the serfs · Russia

  6. Lincoln made an honorary citizen · San Marino

  7. First written constitution · Tunisia

  8. The Kingdom of Italy claims Rome · Vatican City

All 43 events in the 1860s →35 more not shown here

18 events · 17 nations

The 1870s

Every theme in the 1870s →

  1. Rebuilding and the party system · Paraguay

  2. The era of Guzman Blanco · Venezuela

  3. Liberal revolution · Guatemala

  4. Ottoman garrison established · Qatar

  5. Abolition of slavery · Puerto Rico

  6. Zanzibar bans the seaborne slave trade · Tanzania

  7. Constitution on the settlement millennium · Iceland

  8. The Roman Question · Vatican City

All 18 events in the 1870s →10 more not shown here

15 events · 14 nations

The 1880s

Every theme in the 1880s →

  1. Boundary treaty with Argentina · Chile

  2. Suppression of the League · Kosovo

  3. Treaty of peace, friendship and commerce with the United States · Madagascar

  4. Kingdom of Romania proclaimed · Romania

  5. Capital moves to Suva · Fiji

  6. Treaty of Ancon · Peru

  7. Parliamentarism and the consular dispute · Norway

  8. Taiwan made a Qing province · Taiwan

All 15 events in the 1880s →7 more not shown here

20 events · 17 nations

The 1890s

Every theme in the 1890s →

  1. First free election in Central America · Costa Rica

  2. First republican constitution · Brazil

  3. Russian arbitration on the Maroni frontier · France

  4. The Cruls Commission marks out a capital · Brazil

  5. Founding of the Katipunan · Philippines

  6. The Durand Line drawn · Afghanistan

  7. Menelik denounces the Treaty of Wuchale · Ethiopia

  8. Women win the vote · New Zealand

All 20 events in the 1890s →12 more not shown here

29 events · 25 nations

The 1900s

Every theme in the 1900s →

  1. Swiss arbitration fixes the Brazil–French Guiana border · France

  2. The Platt Amendment · Cuba

  3. Women win the federal vote · Australia

  4. Treaty of Vereeniging · South Africa

  5. Diplomatic relations with the United States · Bulgaria

  6. Separation of Panama · Colombia

  7. Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty · Panama

  8. Separate Crown Colony · Seychelles

All 29 events in the 1900s →21 more not shown here

41 events · 31 nations

The 1910s

Every theme in the 1910s →

  1. The Stolen Generations · Australia

  2. Treaty of Punakha · Bhutan

  3. Cuyamel and the Zemurray coup · Honduras

  4. Montenegro proclaimed a kingdom · Montenegro

  5. Monaco's first constitution · Monaco

  6. The great reforms · Uruguay

  7. Imam Yahya wins highland autonomy · Yemen

  8. The Ulster Covenant · Ireland

All 41 events in the 1910s →33 more not shown here

47 events · 37 nations

The 1920s

Every theme in the 1920s →

  1. Sovietisation of Armenia · Armenia

  2. Azerbaijan SSR established · Azerbaijan

  3. The Schleswig plebiscites · Denmark

  4. Aland Autonomy Act · Finland

  5. The Treaty of Trianon · Hungary

  6. Government of Ireland Act: six counties · Ireland

  7. International recognition of the union · Moldova

  8. The Svalbard (Spitsbergen) Treaty · Norway

All 47 events in the 1920s →39 more not shown here

53 events · 46 nations

The 1930s

Every theme in the 1930s →

  1. The first military coup · Argentina

  2. Revolution of 1930 · Brazil

  3. Trujillo seizes power · Dominican Republic

  4. The Salt March · India

  5. Founding of the Indochinese Communist Party · Vietnam

  6. Land Apportionment Act · Zimbabwe

  7. Hernandez Martinez seizes power · El Salvador

  8. Dictatorship of Jorge Ubico · Guatemala

All 53 events in the 1930s →45 more not shown here

99 events · 72 nations

The 1940s

Every theme in the 1940s →

  1. Treaty of Craiova returns Southern Dobruja · Bulgaria

  2. Western non-recognition · Estonia

  3. Native Land Trust Board established · Fiji

  4. Second Vienna Award · Hungary

  5. Creation of the Moldavian SSR · Moldova

  6. Madha's elders choose Muscat; Nahwa stays with Sharjah · Oman

  7. The Lahore Resolution · Pakistan

  8. Second Vienna Award and Southern Dobruja · Romania

All 99 events in the 1940s →91 more not shown here

84 events · 66 nations

The 1950s

Every theme in the 1950s →

  1. The People's United Party founded · Belize

  2. Exile and return of Seretse Khama · Botswana

  3. The énosis plebiscite · Cyprus

  4. Constitution and the Republic · India

  5. Annexation of the West Bank · Jordan

  6. Founding of the Pathet Lao · Laos

  7. First multiparty election · Türkiye

  8. Renamed an "overseas province" · Guinea-Bissau

All 84 events in the 1950s →76 more not shown here

117 events · 77 nations

The 1960s

Every theme in the 1960s →

  1. Inauguration of Brasilia · Brazil

  2. Ghana becomes a republic · Ghana

  3. Camp Boiro and the one-party state · Guinea

  4. Lancaster House conferences · Kenya

  5. Founding of SWAPO · Namibia

  6. Founding of the MLSTP · São Tomé and Príncipe

  7. Sharpeville massacre · South Africa

  8. Assassination of Prince Louis Rwagasore · Burundi

All 117 events in the 1960s →109 more not shown here

122 events · 81 nations

The 1970s

Every theme in the 1970s →

  1. Awami League wins the election · Bangladesh

  2. Lon Nol coup and the Khmer Republic · Cambodia

  3. Election of Salvador Allende · Chile

  4. The Gambia becomes a republic · Gambia

  5. The Cooperative Republic · Guyana

  6. Constitution suspended after lost election · Lesotho

  7. Qaboos accedes in a palace coup · Oman

  8. Hafez al-Assad seizes power · Syria

All 122 events in the 1970s →114 more not shown here

103 events · 75 nations

The 1980s

Every theme in the 1980s →

  1. Death of Seretse Khama · Botswana

  2. Coup brings Saye Zerbo to power · Burkina Faso

  3. Bissau coup ends the union · Cape Verde

  4. The 1980 Constitution · Chile

  5. Nino Vieira seizes power · Guinea-Bissau

  6. Samuel Doe's coup ends settler rule · Liberia

  7. Kim Jong Il designated successor · North Korea

  8. Birth of Solidarity · Poland

All 103 events in the 1980s →95 more not shown here

148 events · 100 nations

The 1990s

Every theme in the 1990s →

  1. The National Conference · Benin

  2. Multiparty constitution adopted · Benin

  3. End of one-party rule · Cape Verde

  4. Idriss Déby seizes power · Chad

  5. Return to democracy · Chile

  6. German reunification · Germany

  7. Aristide elected · Haiti

  8. First multiparty election · Ivory Coast

All 148 events in the 1990s →140 more not shown here

128 events · 90 nations

The 2000s

Every theme in the 2000s →

  1. Arusha Peace Agreement · Burundi

  2. San Juan navigation dispute settled · Costa Rica

  3. Algiers Agreement · Eritrea

  4. Speight hostage crisis · Fiji

  5. First democratic alternation of power · Ghana

  6. End of one-party rule · Mexico

  7. First inter-Korean summit · North Korea

  8. Vladimir Putin becomes president · Russia

All 128 events in the 2000s →120 more not shown here

106 events · 82 nations

The 2010s

Every theme in the 2010s →

  1. Laura Chinchilla, first woman president · Costa Rica

  2. Alpha Condé elected; return to civilian rule · Guinea

  3. New constitution adopted · Kenya

  4. ICJ advisory opinion · Kosovo

  5. The 2010 revolution ousts Bakiyev · Kyrgyzstan

  6. Parliamentary republic and the first peaceful transfer · Kyrgyzstan

  7. EU candidate status · Montenegro

  8. The Netherlands Antilles dissolved · Netherlands

All 106 events in the 2010s →98 more not shown here

110 events · 79 nations

The 2020s

Every theme in the 2020s →

  1. Disputed election and mass protests · Belarus

  2. Pleadings before the World Court · Belize

  3. Return of the MAS under Arce · Bolivia

  4. Succession to Ndayishimiye · Burundi

  5. Abinader and a new political era · Dominican Republic

  6. Court-ordered election re-run · Malawi

  7. Coup ousts President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta · Mali

  8. The Netherlands drops 'Holland' from its international branding · Netherlands

All 110 events in the 2020s →102 more not shown here