- Africa
Rise of the Geledi Sultanate
The Sultanate of the Geledi emerges from the breakup of the Ajuran state, with its capital at Afgooye, and under the Gobroon dynasty comes to dominate the trade of southern Somalia.
Era: The Ajuran, Geledi and Majeerteen Sultanates
Sources: The Sultanates of Somalia · Lumen Learning, Early World Civilizations, Sultanate of the Geledi · Wikipedia
- Africa
Founding of the Kazembe kingdom
An offshoot of the Lunda crossed the Luapula River, subdued the Shila, and established the kingdom of the Mwata Kazembe, which grew wealthy on Lake Mweru fisheries and trade in copper, salt, and ivory.
Era: Kingdoms of the Zambezi and Luapula: Lozi, Bemba, Chewa and Kazembe
Sources: Kazembe (Lunda kingdom of the Luapula) · Wikipedia, Zambia: External contacts and the slave and ivory trade · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Africa
Founding of the Asante Empire
Osei Tutu's alliance of Akan states defeated the dominant Denkyira at the Battle of Feyiase, founding the Asante Empire with its capital at Kumasi and the Golden Stool as its unifying symbol.
Era: The Asante Empire and the Golden Stool
Sources: Osei Tutu · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Osei Kofi Tutu (c. 1680–1717) · BlackPast.org, Asante Empire · Wikipedia
- Europe
Acts of Union create Great Britain
The Acts of Union merged the kingdoms and parliaments of England and Scotland into a single Kingdom of Great Britain, governed by one Parliament at Westminster.
Era: Union, revolution, and the rise of Britain
Sources: Act of Union 1707 · UK Parliament, Act of Union, 1707 · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Africa
Seku Watara founds the Empire of Kong
Seku Watara united the Dyula of Kong into a state, often called the Wattara Empire, that grew rich controlling the gold and kola trade and reached into present-day Burkina Faso, Mali, and Ghana.
Era: The northern savannas, the Dyula, and the Empire of Kong
Sources: Kong Empire · Wikipedia, History of Ivory Coast · Wikipedia
- Africa
Ratsimilaho unites the Betsimisaraka
Ratsimilaho forges the eastern peoples into the Betsimisaraka confederation, becoming a dominant king by 1730.
Era: Coastal Kingdoms & the Pirate Coast
Sources: The Kingdoms of Madagascar · Lumen Learning / SUNY World Civilization
- Africa
Bitòn Coulibaly consolidates the Bambara kingdom of Segou
Mamari (Bitòn) Coulibaly transforms a youth society into an army, founding the centralised Bambara state of Segou on the middle Niger.
Era: Segou, the Tukulor and Samori
Sources: Bamana Empire · New World Encyclopedia, Bamana (Ségou) Empire · Wikipedia
- Europe
Foundation of the Principality of Liechtenstein
Emperor Charles VI united Schellenberg and Vaduz and raised them to an Imperial Principality named Liechtenstein, granting the family the immediate standing and Diet seat it had sought; the founding diploma survives in the Princely Collections.
Era: Bought and Founded: The Imperial Principality of 1719
Sources: Emperor Charles VI unites Vaduz and Schellenberg and raises them to the Imperial Principality of Liechtenstein (diploma, 23 Jan 1719) · LIECHTENSTEIN. The Princely Collections, Vaduz–Vienna, 1719 – 300 Years of Liechtenstein (exhibition) · LIECHTENSTEIN. The Princely Collections, Vaduz–Vienna, How the Principality of Liechtenstein came into being · Swiss National Museum (Blog), Liechtenstein: History (Alpine, Principality, Sovereignty) · Encyclopaedia Britannica, History of Liechtenstein · Embassy of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Washington D.C.
- South America
Founding of Montevideo
Zabala formally establishes Montevideo as a fortified Spanish port to counter Portuguese expansion; it grows into the chief stronghold of the Banda Oriental.
Era: The Contested Frontier: Colonia and Montevideo
Sources: Montevideo · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Bruno Mauricio de Zabala · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Africa
Founding of the Sultanate of Damagaram
Muslim aristocrats founded the Sultanate of Damagaram around Zinder; beginning as a vassal of the declining empire of Bornu, it would expand to dominate much of the southeast of present-day Niger.
Era: Hausa states, Damagaram and the shadow of Bornu
Sources: Sultanate of Damagaram · Wikipedia, A history of the Damagaram sultanate of Zinder, ca. 1730–1899 · African History Extra
- Africa
La Bourdonnais founds Port Louis
Governor Mahé de La Bourdonnais develops Port Louis as a fortified naval base, dockyard and capital, anchoring French power in the Indian Ocean.
Era: Isle de France: Sugar & Slavery
Sources: Mauritius · Encyclopædia Britannica, Isle de France (Mauritius) · Wikipedia
- Asia
Ahmad bin Said founds the Al Bu Said dynasty
Ahmad bin Said, governor of Suhar, expelled the Persian invaders and was elected imam, founding the Al Bu Said dynasty that still rules Oman.
Era: The Al Bu Said Dynasty and the Empire of Zanzibar
Sources: Ahmad ibn Said, imam of Oman · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Al Bu Said dynasty · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Asia
The Diriyah pact founds the First Saudi State
Muhammad ibn Saud, ruler of Diriyah, and the reformer Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab formed an alliance joining political power and religious revival, the foundation of the first Saudi state.
Era: The First and Second Saudi States and the Al Saud-Wahhab Alliance
Sources: First Saudi state · Wikipedia, First Saudi State · Saudipedia, At-Turaif District in ad-Dariyah · UNESCO World Heritage Centre
- Africa
Reign of Ngwane III
Ngwane III, traditionally regarded as the first king of the modern Swazi, leads his followers across the Pongola and is remembered for founding the kingdom, with a capital at Shiselweni.
Era: Nguni Migrations and the House of Dlamini
Sources: Ngwane III · Wikipedia, History of Eswatini · Wikipedia, History of Eswatini (facts for kids) · Kiddle
- Asia
Ahmad Shah Durrani founds the Afghan state
A jirga at Kandahar elects Ahmad Shah Durrani ruler after Nadir Shah's death; the Durrani Empire he founds is regarded as the origin of the modern Afghan state.
Era: The Durrani Empire and the Great Game
Sources: Ahmad Shah Durrani — History, Empire & Accomplishments · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Afghanistan: A Country Study · Library of Congress, Federal Research Division
- Africa
Rise of the Tswana merafe
The Bangwaketse form the first major Tswana state in the region, followed by the Bakwena, Bangwato and Batawana, cattle-keeping chiefdoms ruled by dikgosi.
Era: The Tswana Nations and the Difaqane
Sources: History of Botswana · Wikipedia, Botswana — History · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Africa
The Agni kingdoms of Indénié and Sanwi
Other Akan groups fleeing the Asante established the Agni (Anyi) kingdoms of Indénié and Sanwi in the south-east, near the lagoons and the Gold Coast, extending Akan institutions across the forest zone.
Era: The Akan migrations: Baoulé and Agni kingdoms
Sources: History of Ivory Coast · Wikipedia, History of Côte d'Ivoire · Encyclopædia Britannica
- Asia
Sabah I becomes the first Al Sabah ruler
The Bani Utub chose Sabah ibn Jabir, founder of the Al Sabah dynasty, to be their sheikh, beginning a line of rulers that continues to the present day.
Era: The Founding of Kuwait and the Rise of the Al Sabah
Sources: Sabah dynasty · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Asia
Alaungpaya founds the Konbaung dynasty
The village chief Alaungpaya leads a revolt against Mon overlords and establishes the Konbaung dynasty, the last royal house of Burma.
Era: Empires Reborn: Toungoo and Konbaung
Sources: Alaungpaya Dynasty (Konbaung) · Encyclopaedia Britannica, History of Myanmar · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Asia
Founding of Al Zubarah
Families migrating from Kuwait, including the Al Khalifa, settled the northwest coast and built Al Zubarah, which grew into a flourishing walled pearling and trading town.
Era: Pearls, Tribes and the Town of Al Zubarah
Sources: Al Zubarah: Qatar's Largest Heritage Site · Qatar Museums, Persian Gulf States: Country Studies (Qatar) · Library of Congress, Federal Research Division
- Asia
- Asia
Conquest of the Kathmandu Valley
Prithvi Narayan Shah of Gorkha captures Kathmandu in 1768 and the Malla kingdoms by 1769, unifying the hill states into the kingdom of Nepal.
Era: Gorkha Unification and the British War
Sources: Prithvi Narayan Shah · Encyclopædia Britannica, Nepal — History (Himalayas, Monarchy, Unification) · Encyclopædia Britannica
- South America
Founding of Stabroek (Georgetown)
A British occupying force lays out the town of Stabroek at the mouth of the Demerara River; renamed Georgetown in 1812, it becomes the colony's capital.
Era: The Dutch Colonies and the Engineered Coast
Sources: Georgetown, Guyana · Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Asia
Founding of the Chakri dynasty and Bangkok
After Taksin's fall, the general Chao Phraya Chakri takes the throne as Rama I, founds the Chakri dynasty, and establishes the new capital of Bangkok.
Era: Thonburi, Taksin, and the Founding of the Chakri Dynasty
Sources: Rama I · Encyclopædia Britannica, Thailand · Encyclopædia Britannica
- Africa
Andrianampoinimerina unifies Imerina
From Ambohimanga and Antananarivo, the king ends civil war and begins the conquest of much of the island.
Era: The Merina Monarchy
Sources: Andrianampoinimerina · Wikipedia, Madagascar · Encyclopædia Britannica
- Africa
The 'Province of Freedom' founded
Abolitionists associated with Granville Sharp settled about 400 of London's 'Black Poor' on the Sierra Leone peninsula, founding the 'Province of Freedom' and the settlement of Granville Town.
Era: The Province of Freedom and the founding of Freetown
Sources: Founding of Sierra Leone, 1787 · BlackPast.org, On the Foundings of Sierra Leone, 1787–1808 · BRANCH (Britain, Representation and Nineteenth-Century History)
- North America
Constitution ratified
With New Hampshire's ratification the Constitution took effect; the federal government began operating on 4 March 1789 and Washington was inaugurated that April.
Era: Revolution and the founding of the Republic
Sources: The Declaration of Independence · U.S. National Archives
Formation in the 18th century
Every event in the Terralore archive tagged formation — origins, unifications and the founding of states as each nation's archive records them, narrowed to the 18th century — 27 of them, drawn from 24 nations, running from 1700 to 1788. Each entry keeps the sources it was verified against and links back to the chronicle it came from.
- Events
- 27
- Nations
- 24
- Earliest
- 1700
- Latest
- 1788
- Africa
- 13
- Asia
- 9
- Europe
- 2
- South America
- 2
- North America
- 1
Every entry below is the same record, with the same sources, as the one on its nation’s chronicle.