FormationThe 11th century

Formation in the 11th century

Every event in the Terralore archive tagged formation — origins, unifications and the founding of states as each nation's archive records them, narrowed to the 11th century — 9 of them, drawn from 9 nations, running from 1000 to 1070. Each entry keeps the sources it was verified against and links back to the chronicle it came from.

Events
9
Nations
9
Earliest
1000
Latest
1070
Africa
4
Europe
3
Asia
2

Every entry below is the same record, with the same sources, as the one on its nation’s chronicle.

  1. Africa

    Ghana

    The medieval Ghana Empire flourishes far to the northwest

    The Soninke empire of Ghana, centred on Koumbi Saleh in modern Mauritania and Mali, dominated the trans-Saharan gold-and-salt trade before its decline; the modern state would later adopt its name despite sharing no territory.

    Era: The Akan forest states and the gold trade

    Sources: Ghana Empire · World History Encyclopedia, Ghana (historical West African empire) · Encyclopaedia Britannica

  2. Europe

    Hungary

    Coronation of Stephen I

    Stephen, of the Árpád line, was crowned the first king of Hungary, traditionally with a crown from Pope Sylvester II, founding a Christian kingdom organised on Western models. He was later canonised as Saint Stephen.

    Era: The Magyar Conquest and the Christian Kingdom

    Sources: Stephen I, king of Hungary · Encyclopaedia Britannica, The Holy Crown of Hungary and the Coronation Regalia · Hungarian National Assembly (Parliament of Hungary)

  3. Europe

    San Marino

    Refuge on a fortified mountain

    Set atop the steep limestone massif of Mount Titano and of little strategic value to its powerful neighbours, the community could govern itself in isolation, a continuity of free republican life that UNESCO would later recognise as stretching from the Middle Ages to today.

    Era: Saint Marinus and the Mountain Commune

    Sources: San Marino Historic Centre and Mount Titano · UNESCO World Heritage Centre, The World's Oldest Continuous Republic · WorldAtlas

  4. Africa

    Uganda

    Rise of Bunyoro-Kitara

    The kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara, ruled by the omukama and linked in tradition to the Bachwezi, emerges as the dominant power of the interlacustrine region.

    Era: Peoples and the Great Lakes Kingdoms

    Sources: History of Buganda · Wikipedia, Uganda: Bunyoro and Buganda · Encyclopaedia Britannica

  5. Africa

    Zimbabwe

    Great Zimbabwe is built

    Ancestors of the Shona began raising the mortarless granite walls of Great Zimbabwe, which would become the largest stone city in sub-Saharan Africa and give the modern nation its name.

    Era: Great Zimbabwe and the gold trade

    Sources: Great Zimbabwe National Monument · UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Great Zimbabwe · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Great Zimbabwe · Wikipedia

  6. Asia

    Georgia

    Bagrat III unites Georgia

    Bagrat III of the Bagrationi dynasty united the eastern and western Georgian lands into a single kingdom, laying the foundation for the medieval golden age.

    Era: The Conversion of Iberia and an Early Christian State

    Sources: History of Georgia · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Gelati Monastery · UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  7. Europe

    Montenegro

    Duklja wins independence from Byzantium

    Stefan Vojislav led a revolt that freed the principality of Duklja from Byzantine control and established the Vojislavljevic dynasty, the first medieval state on the territory of Montenegro.

    Era: Duklja, Zeta and the Coming of the Name Montenegro

    Sources: Montenegro: History · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Montenegro History (Duklja and Zeta) · FamilySearch

  8. Asia

    Myanmar

    Reign of Anawrahta

    Anawrahta unifies the Burman north and the Mon south into the first Burmese kingdom and adopts Theravada Buddhism as the state religion.

    Era: The Kingdom of Pagan (Bagan)

    Sources: Anawrahta · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Pagan kingdom · Encyclopaedia Britannica

  9. Africa

    Morocco

    Almoravids found Marrakesh

    The Almoravids establish Marrakesh as the capital of an empire uniting Morocco and the western Sahara under a reformist Islamic banner.

    Era: The Berber Empires: Almoravids and Almohads

    Sources: North Africa: The Maghrib under the Almoravids and the Almohads · Encyclopaedia Britannica, The Art of the Almoravid and Almohad Periods (ca. 1062–1269) · The Metropolitan Museum of Art