FormationThe 4th millennium BCE

Formation in the 4th millennium BCE

Every event in the Terralore archive tagged formation — origins, unifications and the founding of states as each nation's archive records them, narrowed to the 4th millennium BCE — 4 of them, drawn from 3 nations, running from 3500 BCE to 3100 BCE. Each entry keeps the sources it was verified against and links back to the chronicle it came from.

Events
4
Nations
3
Earliest
3500 BCE
Latest
3100 BCE
Africa
2
Asia
2

Every entry below is the same record, with the same sources, as the one on its nation’s chronicle.

  1. c. 3500 BCEAfrica

    Egypt

    Naqada cultures flourish in Upper Egypt

    Predynastic settlements in Upper Egypt develop social hierarchy, craft specialisation and long-distance trade, laying the groundwork for state formation.

    Era: Predynastic Egypt and the Unification

    Sources: Narmer · World History Encyclopedia

  2. c. 3500–2000 BCEAsia

    Tajikistan

    The proto-urban settlement of Sarazm

    In the Zeravshan valley near Penjikent, Sarazm grows into one of the oldest proto-urban settlements in Central Asia, a centre of metallurgy and long-distance trade, later inscribed as Tajikistan's first UNESCO World Heritage Site (2010).

    Era: Sogdiana, Bactria and the Silk Road

    Sources: Proto-urban Site of Sarazm — World Heritage List · UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan: Country Studies · Federal Research Division, Library of Congress

  3. c. 3200 BCEAsia

    Iran

    The kingdom of Elam and the city of Susa

    Elam, one of the earliest civilisations of the region, flourishes around its capital Susa in south-western Iran, trading and warring with Mesopotamia until Susa is sacked by the Assyrians around 647 BCE.

    Era: Elam and the Achaemenid Empire

    Sources: Elam — ancient region, Iran · Encyclopaedia Britannica, Susa · World History Encyclopedia

  4. c. 3100 BCEAfrica

    Egypt

    Unification under Narmer (Menes)

    Upper and Lower Egypt are united into a single kingdom under King Narmer, traditionally identified with Menes, inaugurating the First Dynasty and the dynastic state.

    Era: Predynastic Egypt and the Unification

    Sources: Narmer · World History Encyclopedia